Neuro II Flashcards

1
Q

phenobarbitol

A

barbituate

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2
Q

pentobarbital

A

barbituate

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3
Q

thiopental

A

barbituate

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4
Q

secobarbital

A

barbituate

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5
Q

barbiutate

A

facilitate GABA-A action
-increased DURATION of Cl- channel opening

decrease neuroin firing

bArbituAte - durAtion

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6
Q

adverse barbituate

A

resp/cardiac depression

P450 inducer

OC - supportive tx

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7
Q

chlordiazepoxide

A

benzodiazepine

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8
Q

benzodiazepine

A

faciliate GABA-A activityion
-increase FREQUENCY of Cl- channel opening

bEnzo - frEquEncy

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9
Q

short acting benzos

A

ATOM

alprazolam
triazolam
oxazepam
midazolam

higher risk of addiction

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10
Q

adverse benzos

A

dependence

CNS depression - with alcohol

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11
Q

tx OD benzos

A

flumazenil

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12
Q

flumazenil

A

competitive antagonist at GABA benzo receptor

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13
Q

zolpidem

A

non-benzo hypnotic

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14
Q

zaleplon

A

non-benzo hypnotic

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15
Q

eszopiclone

A

non-benzo hypnotic

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16
Q

non-benzo hypnotics

A

activia BZ1 subtype GABA receptor

effect - reversed by flumazenil

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17
Q

MAC

A

minimal alveolar concentration
-to prevent 50% subjects response to painful stimuli

measure of potency

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18
Q

anesthetic decreased solubility in blood

A

rapid induction and recovery

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19
Q

anesthetic increased solubility in lipid

A

increased potency

20
Q

nitrous oxide

A

low blood and lipid solubility

-fast induction - low potency

21
Q

halothane

A

high blood and lipid solubility

-slow induction - high potency

22
Q

halothane

A

inhaled anesthetic

unknown MOA

23
Q

enflurane

A

inhaled anesthetic

unknown MOA

24
Q

isoflurane

A

inhaled anesthetic

unknown MOA

25
sevoflurane
inhaled anesthetic | unknown MOA
26
methoxyflurane
inhaled anesthetic | unknown MOA
27
N2O
inhaled anesthetic | unknown MOA
28
malignant hyperthermia
with inhaled anesthetic and succinycholine hyperthermia and muscle contraction tx - dantrolene
29
tx malignant hyperthermia
dantrolene - acts on RyR
30
thiopental metabolism
terminated action | -by REDISTRIBUTION to tissues
31
tx OD benzo
flumazenil
32
midazolam
MC drug for anesthesia during endoscopy
33
ketamine
arylcyclohexylamine PCP analog - dissociative anesthetic block NMDA receptor cardiovasc stimulant -disorientation, hallucinations, bad dreams
34
propofol
for sedation in ICU -rapid anesthesia induction potentiate GABA-A
35
procaine
ester local anesthetic
36
cocaine
ester local anesthetic
37
tetracaine
ester local anesthetic
38
lidocaine
amide local anesthetic
39
mepivicaine
amide local anesthetic
40
bupivicaine
amide local anesthetic
41
local anesthetic
block Na channels -bind receptors on inner portion of channels prefer bind activated Na channels sometimes given with vaosoconstrictor - epinephrine
42
infected acidic tissue
need more anesthetic
43
order of nerve blockade speed
small diameter faster myelinated faster size over myelination small myelinated > small unmyelinated > large myelinated > large unmyelinated
44
order of loss with local anesthetic
1 pain 2 temp 3 touch 4 pressure
45
adverse benzocaine
methemoglobinemia
46
adverse bupivicaine
cardiovascular toxicity