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Board Review - B - Systems Pharmacology > Neuro II > Flashcards

Neuro II Flashcards

1
Q

phenobarbitol

A

barbituate

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2
Q

pentobarbital

A

barbituate

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3
Q

thiopental

A

barbituate

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4
Q

secobarbital

A

barbituate

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5
Q

barbiutate

A

facilitate GABA-A action
-increased DURATION of Cl- channel opening

decrease neuroin firing

bArbituAte - durAtion

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6
Q

adverse barbituate

A

resp/cardiac depression

P450 inducer

OC - supportive tx

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7
Q

chlordiazepoxide

A

benzodiazepine

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8
Q

benzodiazepine

A

faciliate GABA-A activityion
-increase FREQUENCY of Cl- channel opening

bEnzo - frEquEncy

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9
Q

short acting benzos

A

ATOM

alprazolam
triazolam
oxazepam
midazolam

higher risk of addiction

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10
Q

adverse benzos

A

dependence

CNS depression - with alcohol

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11
Q

tx OD benzos

A

flumazenil

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12
Q

flumazenil

A

competitive antagonist at GABA benzo receptor

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13
Q

zolpidem

A

non-benzo hypnotic

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14
Q

zaleplon

A

non-benzo hypnotic

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15
Q

eszopiclone

A

non-benzo hypnotic

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16
Q

non-benzo hypnotics

A

activia BZ1 subtype GABA receptor

effect - reversed by flumazenil

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17
Q

MAC

A

minimal alveolar concentration
-to prevent 50% subjects response to painful stimuli

measure of potency

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18
Q

anesthetic decreased solubility in blood

A

rapid induction and recovery

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19
Q

anesthetic increased solubility in lipid

A

increased potency

20
Q

nitrous oxide

A

low blood and lipid solubility

-fast induction - low potency

21
Q

halothane

A

high blood and lipid solubility

-slow induction - high potency

22
Q

halothane

A

inhaled anesthetic

unknown MOA

23
Q

enflurane

A

inhaled anesthetic

unknown MOA

24
Q

isoflurane

A

inhaled anesthetic

unknown MOA

25
Q

sevoflurane

A

inhaled anesthetic

unknown MOA

26
Q

methoxyflurane

A

inhaled anesthetic

unknown MOA

27
Q

N2O

A

inhaled anesthetic

unknown MOA

28
Q

malignant hyperthermia

A

with inhaled anesthetic and succinycholine

hyperthermia and muscle contraction

tx - dantrolene

29
Q

tx malignant hyperthermia

A

dantrolene - acts on RyR

30
Q

thiopental metabolism

A

terminated action

-by REDISTRIBUTION to tissues

31
Q

tx OD benzo

A

flumazenil

32
Q

midazolam

A

MC drug for anesthesia during endoscopy

33
Q

ketamine

A

arylcyclohexylamine

PCP analog - dissociative anesthetic

block NMDA receptor

cardiovasc stimulant
-disorientation, hallucinations, bad dreams

34
Q

propofol

A

for sedation in ICU
-rapid anesthesia induction

potentiate GABA-A

35
Q

procaine

A

ester local anesthetic

36
Q

cocaine

A

ester local anesthetic

37
Q

tetracaine

A

ester local anesthetic

38
Q

lidocaine

A

amide local anesthetic

39
Q

mepivicaine

A

amide local anesthetic

40
Q

bupivicaine

A

amide local anesthetic

41
Q

local anesthetic

A

block Na channels
-bind receptors on inner portion of channels

prefer bind activated Na channels

sometimes given with vaosoconstrictor - epinephrine

42
Q

infected acidic tissue

A

need more anesthetic

43
Q

order of nerve blockade speed

A

small diameter faster
myelinated faster
size over myelination

small myelinated > small unmyelinated > large myelinated > large unmyelinated

44
Q

order of loss with local anesthetic

A

1 pain
2 temp
3 touch
4 pressure

45
Q

adverse benzocaine

A

methemoglobinemia

46
Q

adverse bupivicaine

A

cardiovascular toxicity

Board Review - B - Systems Pharmacology (26 decks)

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