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Board Review - B - Systems Pharmacology > Heme/Oncology I > Flashcards

Heme/Oncology I Flashcards

1
Q

heparin

A

activator of antithrombin

decreased thrombin and factor Xa - anticoagulant

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2
Q

immediate anticoagulation

A

heparin

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3
Q

monitor with heparin

A

PTT

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4
Q

HIT

A

heparin induce thrombocytopenia

IgG Abs against heparin bound platelet factor 4 (PF4)

Ab-heparin-HP4 - activate platelet - thrombosis and thrombocytopenia

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5
Q

argatroban

A

thrombin inhibitor

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6
Q

bivalirudin

A

thrombin inhibitor

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7
Q

dabigatran

A

thrombin inhibitor

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8
Q

protamine sulfate

A

reversal of heparin

positive charbe - binds negative heparin

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9
Q

enoxaparin

A

LMWH

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10
Q

dalteparin

A

LMWH

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11
Q

fondaparinux

A

LMWH

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12
Q

LMWH

A

act more on factor Xa
-better bioavailability

longer half life

no lab monitoring
not reversible

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13
Q

warfarin

A

interfere with gamma carboxylation vit K factors

II, VII, IX, X, protein C and S

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14
Q

monitor with warfarin

A

PT and INR

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15
Q

chronic anticoag

A

warfarin

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16
Q

warfarin pregnancy

A

no - teratogen

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17
Q

transient hypercoag with warfarin

A

protein C and S - shorter half lives

-so get hypercoag when start warfarin therapy

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18
Q

reversal of warfarin

A

vit K

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19
Q

rapid reversal of warfarin

A

fresh frozen plasma

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20
Q

heparin bridging

A

heparin used when starting warfarin

-to get anticoag during transient hypercoag of warfarin use

21
Q

apixaban

A

direct factor Xa inhibitor

22
Q

rivaroxaban

A

direct factor Xa inhibitor

23
Q

alteplase

A

thrombolytic

24
Q

reteplase

A

thrombolytic

25
Q

streptokinase

A

thrombolytic

26
Q

tenecteplase

A

thrombolytic

27
Q

thrombolytics

A

aid conversion plasminogen to plasmin

plasmin - cleaves thrombin and fibrin clots

28
Q

changes with thrombolytic therapy

A

increased PT and PTT

no change platelet count

29
Q

adverse thrombolytic

A

bleeding

CI if pt with recent bleeding

30
Q

aminocaproic acid

A

tx of thrombolytic toxicity

-inhibitor of fibrinolysis

31
Q

aspirin

A

irreversible COX inhibitor

covalent acetylation

32
Q

changes with aspirin therapy

A

increased bleeding time
decreased TXA2 and PGs

no effect PT and PTT

33
Q

adverse aspirin

A

tinnitus - CN VIII
gastric ulcer
upper GI bleed
interstitial nephritis

reye syndrome

34
Q

reye syndrome

A

child with viral infection - takes aspirin

35
Q

acid-base status with aspirin OD

A

hyperventilation - respiratory alkalosis

eventual mixed with metabolic acidosis

36
Q

clopidogrel

A

ADP receptor inhibitor

37
Q

prasugrel

A

ADP receptor inhibitor

38
Q

ticagrelor

A

ADP receptor inhibitor

39
Q

ticlopidine

A

ADP receptor inhibitor

40
Q

ADP receptor inhibitors

A

inhibit platelet aggregation

  • irreversible block ADP receptor
  • prevent expression glycoprotein IIb/IIIa
41
Q

adverse ticlopidine

A

neutropenia

42
Q

cliostazol

A

phosphodiesterase inhibitor

  • increased cAMP in platelets
  • inhibit platelet aggregation

vasodilator

43
Q

dipyrimadole

A

phosphodiesterase inhibitor

vasodilator

44
Q

adverse of phosphodiesterase inhibitors

A

nausea, headache, flushing, hypotension, abdomen pain

45
Q

abciximab

A

GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor

46
Q

eptifibatide

A

GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor

47
Q

tirofiban

A

GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor

48
Q

GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor

A

prevent platelet aggregation

Board Review - B - Systems Pharmacology (26 decks)

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