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Board Review - B - Systems Pharmacology > Neuro I > Flashcards

Neuro I Flashcards

1
Q

tx of glaucoma

A

decreased aqueous humor synthesis:
a-agonists
B-blockers
diuretic - acetazolamide

increased aqueous humor outflow:
cholinomimetic
prostaglandin

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2
Q

epinephrine

A

a1 agonist

tx of glaucoma

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3
Q

brimonidine

A

a2 agonist

tx of glaucoma

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4
Q

tx emergency glaucoma

A

pilocarpine - opening meshwork into canal of schlemm

increased outflow -contract ciliary muscle

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5
Q

timolol

A

B-blocker

tx of glaucoma

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6
Q

betaxolol

A

B-blocker

tx of glaucoma

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7
Q

carteolol

A

B-blocker

tx of glaucoma

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8
Q

pilocarpine

A

direct cholinomimetic

tx of glaucoma

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9
Q

carbachol

A

direct cholinomimetic

tx of glaucoma

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10
Q

physostigmine

A

indirect cholinomimetic

tx of glaucoma

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11
Q

echothiophate

A

indirect cholinomimetic

tx of glaucoma

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12
Q

latanoprost

A

PGF2a - prostaglandin

tx of glaucoma - increased outflow aqueous humor

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13
Q

adverse latanoprost

A

darken color of iris - browning

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14
Q

morphine

A

opioid agonist

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15
Q

fentanyl

A

opioid agonist

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16
Q

codeine

A

opioid agonist

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17
Q

loperamide

A

opioid agonist

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18
Q

meperidine

A

opioid agonist

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19
Q

dextromethorphan

A

opioid agonist

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20
Q

diphenoxylate

A

opioid agonist

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21
Q

pentazocine

A

opioid agonist

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22
Q

MOA opioid

A

agonist at mu, delta, kappa receptors

open K channel, close Ca channel - decreased synaptic transmission

inhibit release ACh, NE, 5-HT, glutamate, substance P

23
Q

methadone

A

long half life opioid

tx of opioid abuse

24
Q

adverse opioid

A

abuse - miosis

25
Q

tolerance and opioid

A

not to miosis or constipaion

26
Q

naloxone

A

opioid antagonist

27
Q

naltrexone

A

opioid antagonist

28
Q

butorphanol

A

kappa-opioid agonist
mu opioid partial agonist

can cause opioid withdrawal in those taking full opioid agonist

29
Q

tramadol

A

weak opioid agonist
inhibit 5-HT and NE reuptake

decreased seizure threshold compared to opioids

30
Q

ethosuximide

A

block thalamic T-type Ca channels

31
Q

tx of absence seizure

A

ethosuximide

32
Q

adverse ethosuximide

A

stevens johnson syndrome

HA, itching, fatigue, GI distress

33
Q

tx acute status epilepticus

A

benzos - diazepam and lorazepam

34
Q

benzo MOA

A

increased GABA-A action

35
Q

tx for eclampsia seizure

A

MgSO4 - 1st line

also benzos

36
Q

first line tx tonic clonic seizures

A

phenytoin
carbamazepine
valproic acid

37
Q

phenytoin

A

increase Na channel inactivation

zero-order kinetics

38
Q

adverse phenytoin

A

gingival hyperplasia
teratogen
induce P450
stevens johnson

39
Q

first line tx trigeminal neuralgia

A

carbamazepine

40
Q

carbamazepine

A

increased Na channel inactivation

41
Q

adverse carbamazepine

A

agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia
liver toxicity
teratogen

CYP inducer
stevens johnson

42
Q

valproic acid

A

increased Na channel inactivation

increased GABA concentration - inhibit GABA transaminase

43
Q

adverse valproic acid

A

neural tube defect - CI in pregnancy

hepatoxicity

44
Q

gabapentin

A

inhibit high voltage activated Ca channel

GABA analog

epilepsy drug -partial seizures

45
Q

phenobarbitol

A

increased GABA-A action

1st line in neonates

46
Q

adverse phenobarbitol

A

sedation
tolerance
dependence
induction P450

47
Q

topiramate

A

block Na channel

increased GABA activity

48
Q

migraine prevention

A

topiramate

49
Q

lamotrigine

A

block voltage gated Na channels

50
Q

adverse lamotrigine

A

steven johnson syndrome

51
Q

levetiracetam

A

epilepsy drug

modulate GABA and glutamate release

52
Q

tiagabine

A

increased GABA - inhibit uptake

epileptic drug

53
Q

vigabatrin

A

increased GABA - inrreversible inhibition GABA transaminase

epileptic drug

54
Q

steven johnson syndrome

A

prodrome - malaise and fever

  • rapid onset itchy erythematous rashes
  • skin lesions progress skin necrosis and sloughing

Board Review - B - Systems Pharmacology (26 decks)

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