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Board Review - B - Systems Pharmacology > Antimicrobials III > Flashcards

Antimicrobials III Flashcards

1
Q

azithromycin

A

macrolide

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2
Q

clarithromycin

A

macrolide

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3
Q

erythromycin

A

macrolide

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4
Q

macrolide

A

inhibit 23S rRNA of 50S subunit

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5
Q

coverage macrolides

A

atypical pneumoniase
STDs
URIs

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6
Q

adverse macrolides

A

QT prolongation
GI issues
rash
eosinophilia

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7
Q

clarithromycin and erythromycin

A

inhibit P450

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8
Q

resistance of macrolides

A

methylate 23S rRNA binding site

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9
Q

trimetroprim

A

inhibit bacterial DHFR

used combo with sulfonamide
-sequential block folate synthesis

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10
Q

tx of UTI

A

TMP-SMX

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11
Q

adverse trimethoprim

A

megaloblastic anemia
leukopenia
granulocytopenia

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12
Q

sulfamethoxazole

A

sulfonamide

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13
Q

sulfisoxazole

A

sulfonamide

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14
Q

sulfadiazine

A

sulfonamide

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15
Q

sulfonamide

A

inhibit folate synthesis

PABA antimetabolite - inhibit dihydropteroate synthase

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16
Q

tx of leprosy

A

dapsone

inhibits folate synthesis

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17
Q

adverse sulfonamide

A

hemolysis - if G6PD deficient

nephrotoxic
photosensitivity
kernicterus
displace other drugs from albumin (warfarin)

18
Q

resistance sulfonamides

A

altered enzyme

-bacterial dihydropteroate synthase

19
Q

ciprofloxacin

A

fluoroquinolone

20
Q

norfloxacin

A

fluoroquinolone

21
Q

levofloxacin

A

fluoroquinolone

22
Q

ofloxacin

A

fluoroquinolone

23
Q

moxifloxacin

A

fluoroquinolone

24
Q

gemifloxacin

A

fluoroquinolone

25
enoxacin
fluoroquinolone
26
fluoroquinolone
inhibit prokaryote topoisomerase II -DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV don't take with antacids
27
coverage fluoroquinolone
gram neg rods of urinary and GI tract some gram positive organs
28
adverse fluoroquinolone
GI upset skin rash HA/dizzy leg cramp, myalgia
29
CI in pregnant women
fluoroquinolone
30
tendonitis and tendon rupture
fluoroquinolone
31
damage cartilage of children
fluoroquinolone
32
daptomycin
lipopeptide disrupt cell membrane of gram positive cocci
33
coverage daptomycin
staph aureus skin infection bacteremia endocarditis VRE
34
not used for pneumonia
daptomycin | -avidly binds and inactivated by surfactant
35
adverse daptomycin
myopathy | rhabdomyolysis
36
metrondiazole
form toxic free rad metabolite -damage DNA bactericidal and antiprotozoal
37
coverage metrondiazole
``` giardia entamoeba trichomonas gardnerella vaginalis anaerobes ```
38
triple therapy h. pylori
metrondiazole PPI clarithromycin
39
anaerobic infection below diaphragm
metrondiazole
40
adverse metrondiazole
flushing, tachy, hypotension - with alcohol HA and metallic taste

Board Review - B - Systems Pharmacology (26 decks)

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