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Board Review - B - Systems Pharmacology > Antimicrobials III > Flashcards

Antimicrobials III Flashcards

1
Q

azithromycin

A

macrolide

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2
Q

clarithromycin

A

macrolide

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3
Q

erythromycin

A

macrolide

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4
Q

macrolide

A

inhibit 23S rRNA of 50S subunit

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5
Q

coverage macrolides

A

atypical pneumoniase
STDs
URIs

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6
Q

adverse macrolides

A

QT prolongation
GI issues
rash
eosinophilia

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7
Q

clarithromycin and erythromycin

A

inhibit P450

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8
Q

resistance of macrolides

A

methylate 23S rRNA binding site

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9
Q

trimetroprim

A

inhibit bacterial DHFR

used combo with sulfonamide
-sequential block folate synthesis

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10
Q

tx of UTI

A

TMP-SMX

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11
Q

adverse trimethoprim

A

megaloblastic anemia
leukopenia
granulocytopenia

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12
Q

sulfamethoxazole

A

sulfonamide

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13
Q

sulfisoxazole

A

sulfonamide

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14
Q

sulfadiazine

A

sulfonamide

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15
Q

sulfonamide

A

inhibit folate synthesis

PABA antimetabolite - inhibit dihydropteroate synthase

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16
Q

tx of leprosy

A

dapsone

inhibits folate synthesis

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17
Q

adverse sulfonamide

A

hemolysis - if G6PD deficient

nephrotoxic
photosensitivity
kernicterus
displace other drugs from albumin (warfarin)

18
Q

resistance sulfonamides

A

altered enzyme

-bacterial dihydropteroate synthase

19
Q

ciprofloxacin

A

fluoroquinolone

20
Q

norfloxacin

A

fluoroquinolone

21
Q

levofloxacin

A

fluoroquinolone

22
Q

ofloxacin

A

fluoroquinolone

23
Q

moxifloxacin

A

fluoroquinolone

24
Q

gemifloxacin

A

fluoroquinolone

25
Q

enoxacin

A

fluoroquinolone

26
Q

fluoroquinolone

A

inhibit prokaryote topoisomerase II
-DNA gyrase

and topoisomerase IV

don’t take with antacids

27
Q

coverage fluoroquinolone

A

gram neg rods of urinary and GI tract

some gram positive organs

28
Q

adverse fluoroquinolone

A

GI upset
skin rash
HA/dizzy
leg cramp, myalgia

29
Q

CI in pregnant women

A

fluoroquinolone

30
Q

tendonitis and tendon rupture

A

fluoroquinolone

31
Q

damage cartilage of children

A

fluoroquinolone

32
Q

daptomycin

A

lipopeptide

disrupt cell membrane of gram positive cocci

33
Q

coverage daptomycin

A

staph aureus skin infection

bacteremia
endocarditis
VRE

34
Q

not used for pneumonia

A

daptomycin

-avidly binds and inactivated by surfactant

35
Q

adverse daptomycin

A

myopathy

rhabdomyolysis

36
Q

metrondiazole

A

form toxic free rad metabolite
-damage DNA

bactericidal and antiprotozoal

37
Q

coverage metrondiazole

A 
giardia
entamoeba
trichomonas
gardnerella vaginalis
anaerobes
38
Q

triple therapy h. pylori

A

metrondiazole
PPI
clarithromycin

39
Q

anaerobic infection below diaphragm

A

metrondiazole

40
Q

adverse metrondiazole

A

flushing, tachy, hypotension - with alcohol

HA and metallic taste

Board Review - B - Systems Pharmacology (26 decks)

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