Antimicrobials VII

Question 1

abacavir

Answer 1

NRTI

ABC

Question 2

didanosine

Answer 2

NRTI

ddl

Question 3

emtricitabine

Answer 3

NRTI

FTC

Question 4

lamivudine

Answer 4

NRTI

3TC

Question 5

stavudine

Answer 5

NRTI

d4T

Question 6

tenofovir

Answer 6

NRTI

TDF

Question 7

zidovudine

Answer 7

NRTI

ZDV

Question 8

NRTIs

Answer 8

competitive inhibition of nucleotide binding to reverse transcriptase

termination DNA chain

Question 9

tenofovir

Answer 9

nucleotide - does not need to be phosphorylate

all other NRTIs - need to be phosphorylated

Question 10

prophylaxis of HIV positive pregnant woman to prevent fetal transmission

Answer 10

zidovudine

Question 11

adverse NRTI

Answer 11

bone marrow suppression

reversed with G-CSF and EPO

Question 12

delaviridine

Answer 12

NNRTI

Question 13

efavirenz

Answer 13

NNRTI

Question 14

nevirapine

Answer 14

NNRTI

Question 15

NNRTIs

Answer 15

bind reverse transcriptase site different than NRTI

don’t require phosphorylation

Question 16

CI in pregnancy

Answer 16

delaviridine and efavirenz

NNRTIs

Question 17

enfuvirtide

Answer 17

bind gp41 - inhibit HIV viral entry

Question 18

maraviroc

Answer 18

bind CCR-5 on T cell/monocyte

inhibit interaction with gp120

Question 19

interferon

Answer 19

glycoprotein - normally synthesized - viral infected cells

-antiviral and antitumor properties

Question 20

IFN-a

Answer 20

tx hep B and C, kaposi sarcoma, hary cell leukemia, condyloma acuminatum, renal cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma

Question 21

IFN-B

Answer 21

tx multiple sclerosis

Question 22

IFN-gamma

Answer 22

tx chronic granulomatous disease

Question 23

adverse IFN

Answer 23

neutropenia, myopathy

Question 24

ribavirin

Answer 24

inhibit synthesis guanine nucleotides

-competitive inhibit inosine monophosphate DH

Question 25

simeprevir

Answer 25

HCV protease inhibitor - prevent viral replication

Question 26

sofobuvir

Answer 26

inhibit HCV RNA dependent RNA polymerase | -chain terminator

Question 27

tx chronic HSV

Answer 27

ribavarin combo with simeprevir and sofosbuvir

Question 28

adverse ribavirin

Answer 28

hemolytic anemia | teratogen

Question 29

adverse simeprevir

Answer 29

photosensitive rxn, rash

Question 30

adverse sofosbuvir

Answer 30

fatigue, HA, nausea

Question 31

autoclave

Answer 31

pressure steam at 120C | -may be sporicidal

Question 32

alcohol

Answer 32

denature protein and disrupt cell membrane not sporicidal

Question 33

chlorhexidine

Answer 33

denature protein and disrupt cell membrane not sporicidal

Question 34

hydrogen peroxide

Answer 34

denature protein and disrupt cell membrane sporicidal

Question 35

iodine and iodophors

Answer 35

halogenation of DNA, RNA, proteins may be sporicidal

Question 36

disinfection

Answer 36

organism number to safe level

Question 37

sterilization

Answer 37

inactivate self propagate biologic entities

Question 38

sulfonamides in pregnancy

Answer 38

kernicterus

Question 39

aminoglycoside in pregnancy

Answer 39

ototoxicity

Question 40

fluoroquinolone in pregnancy

Answer 40

cartilage damage

Question 41

clarithromycin in pregnancy

Answer 41

embryotoxic

Question 42

tetracycline in pregnancy

Answer 42

discolored teeth | inhibit bone growth

Question 43

ribavirin in pregnancy

Answer 43

teratogen

Question 44

griseofulvin in pregnancy

Answer 44

teratogen

Question 45

chloramphenicol in pregnancy

Answer 45

gray baby syndrome