Antimicrobials II

Question 1

imipenem

Answer 1

carbapenem

Question 2

meropenem

Answer 2

carbapenem

Question 3

ertapenem

Answer 3

carbapenem

Question 4

doripenem

Answer 4

carbapenem

Question 5

combo of imipenem

Answer 5

administered with cilastatin

inhibit renal dehydropeptidase I

Question 6

cilastatin

Answer 6

inhibit renal dehydropeptidase I

administered with imipenem

Question 7

coverage of carbapenems

Answer 7

broad coverage

used for very sick septic patient

no MRSA coverage

Question 8

aztreonam

Answer 8

monobactam

inhibit peptidoglycan cross-linking
-bind penicillin binding protein 3

synergistic with aminoglycosides

usually nontoxic - little adverse effect

Question 9

coverage of aztreonam

Answer 9

gram negative rods only

no activity - gram positive or anaerobes

Question 10

vancomycin

Answer 10

inhibit cell wall peptidoglycan formation

-binding D-ala - D-ala portion

Question 11

coverage vancomycin

Answer 11

gram positive only

MRSA
staph epidermidis
c. dif

Question 12

red man syndrome

Answer 12

with vancomycin

histamine rlease

Question 13

tx red man syndrome

Answer 13

stop vanco

-start antihistamine

Question 14

adverse vancomycin

Answer 14

red man syndrome

nephrotoxic
ototoxic
thrombophleblitis

Question 15

resistance with vancomycin

Answer 15

alter D-ala-D-ala > D-ala D-lac

Question 16

bacterial ribosome

Answer 16

70S

subunits - 30S and 50S

Question 17

human ribosome

Answer 17

80S

subunits - 40S and 60S

Question 18

buy AT 30, CCEL at 50

Answer 18

protein synthesis inhibitor antibiotics

30S
aminoglycoside
tetracycline

50S
chloramphenicaol
clindamycin
erythromycin
linezolid

Question 19

gentamicin

Answer 19

aminoglycoside - 30S

Question 20

neomycin

Answer 20

aminoglycoside - 30S

Question 21

amikacin

Answer 21

aminoglycoside - 30S

Question 22

tobramycin

Answer 22

aminoglycoside - 30S

Question 23

streptomycin

Answer 23

aminoglycoside - 30S

Question 24

aminoglycosides

Answer 24

30S inhibitor

require O2 for uptake - no coverage anaerobes

Question 25

coverage aminoglycosides

Answer 25

severe gram negative | -synergistic with beta-lactam antibiotics

Question 26

bowel surgery

Answer 26

neomycin

Question 27

resistance to aminoglycosides

Answer 27

bacterial transferase enzyme acetylation, phosphorylation, adenylation

Question 28

tetracycline

Answer 28

bind 30S | -prevent attachment aminoacyl-tRNA

Question 29

doxycycline

Answer 29

tetracycline

Question 30

minocycline

Answer 30

tetracycline

Question 31

don't take with milk or antacids

Answer 31

tetracyclines divalent cation - inhibit drug absorption in gut

Question 32

adverse tetracycline

Answer 32

discolor teeth CI in pregnancy inhibit kid bone growth GI distress

Question 33

coverage of tetracyclines

Answer 33

VACUUM THe BedRoom ``` vibrio acne chlamydia ureaplasma urealyticum mycoplasma ``` tularemia h. pylori borrelia borgdorferi rickettsia

Question 34

VACUUM THe BedRoom

Answer 34

coverage of tetracyclines ``` vibrio acne chlamydia ureaplasma urealyticum mycoplasm ``` tularemia h. pylori borrelia burgdorferi rickettsia

Question 35

chloramphenicol

Answer 35

block 50S subunit

Question 36

gray baby syndrome

Answer 36

with chloramphenicol | -infant lack UDP-glucuronyl transferase

Question 37

lack of UDP glucuronyl transferase

Answer 37

gray baby syndrome | -with cholramphenicol

Question 38

adverse cholramphenicol

Answer 38

gray baby syndrome | anemia

Question 39

resistance chloramphenicol

Answer 39

plasmid encoded acetyltransferase - inactivates drug

Question 40

coverage chloramphenicol

Answer 40

meningitis - h. flu, n. meningitis, strep pneum rocky mountain spotted fever - rickettsia rickettsii

Question 41

clindamycin

Answer 41

block peptide transfer - 50S

Question 42

adverse clindamycin

Answer 42

C. dificile overgrowth | -pseudomembranous colitis

Question 43

treat anaerobe above diaphragm

Answer 43

clindamycin

Question 44

treat anaerobe below diaphragm

Answer 44

metrondiazole

Question 45

linezolid

Answer 45

inhibit protein synthesis | -bind 23S RNA of 50S subunit

Question 46

coverage of linezoli

Answer 46

MRSA and VRE allow outpatient tx of these infections - because give oral