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Board Review - B - Systems Pharmacology > Antimicrobials II > Flashcards

Antimicrobials II Flashcards

1
Q

imipenem

A

carbapenem

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2
Q

meropenem

A

carbapenem

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3
Q

ertapenem

A

carbapenem

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4
Q

doripenem

A

carbapenem

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5
Q

combo of imipenem

A

administered with cilastatin

inhibit renal dehydropeptidase I

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6
Q

cilastatin

A

inhibit renal dehydropeptidase I

administered with imipenem

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7
Q

coverage of carbapenems

A

broad coverage

used for very sick septic patient

no MRSA coverage

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8
Q

aztreonam

A

monobactam

inhibit peptidoglycan cross-linking
-bind penicillin binding protein 3

synergistic with aminoglycosides

usually nontoxic - little adverse effect

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9
Q

coverage of aztreonam

A

gram negative rods only

no activity - gram positive or anaerobes

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10
Q

vancomycin

A

inhibit cell wall peptidoglycan formation

-binding D-ala - D-ala portion

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11
Q

coverage vancomycin

A

gram positive only

MRSA
staph epidermidis
c. dif

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12
Q

red man syndrome

A

with vancomycin

histamine rlease

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13
Q

tx red man syndrome

A

stop vanco

-start antihistamine

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14
Q

adverse vancomycin

A

red man syndrome

nephrotoxic
ototoxic
thrombophleblitis

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15
Q

resistance with vancomycin

A

alter D-ala-D-ala > D-ala D-lac

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16
Q

bacterial ribosome

A

70S

subunits - 30S and 50S

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17
Q

human ribosome

A

80S

subunits - 40S and 60S

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18
Q

buy AT 30, CCEL at 50

A

protein synthesis inhibitor antibiotics

30S
aminoglycoside
tetracycline

50S
chloramphenicaol
clindamycin
erythromycin
linezolid
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19
Q

gentamicin

A

aminoglycoside - 30S

20
Q

neomycin

A

aminoglycoside - 30S

21
Q

amikacin

A

aminoglycoside - 30S

22
Q

tobramycin

A

aminoglycoside - 30S

23
Q

streptomycin

A

aminoglycoside - 30S

24
Q

aminoglycosides

A

30S inhibitor

require O2 for uptake - no coverage anaerobes

25
Q

coverage aminoglycosides

A

severe gram negative

-synergistic with beta-lactam antibiotics

26
Q

bowel surgery

A

neomycin

27
Q

resistance to aminoglycosides

A

bacterial transferase enzyme

acetylation, phosphorylation, adenylation

28
Q

tetracycline

A

bind 30S

-prevent attachment aminoacyl-tRNA

29
Q

doxycycline

A

tetracycline

30
Q

minocycline

A

tetracycline

31
Q

don’t take with milk or antacids

A

tetracyclines

divalent cation - inhibit drug absorption in gut

32
Q

adverse tetracycline

A

discolor teeth
CI in pregnancy
inhibit kid bone growth
GI distress

33
Q

coverage of tetracyclines

A

VACUUM THe BedRoom

vibrio
acne
chlamydia
ureaplasma urealyticum
mycoplasma

tularemia
h. pylori

borrelia borgdorferi
rickettsia

34
Q

VACUUM THe BedRoom

A

coverage of tetracyclines

vibrio
acne
chlamydia
ureaplasma urealyticum
mycoplasm

tularemia
h. pylori

borrelia burgdorferi
rickettsia

35
Q

chloramphenicol

A

block 50S subunit

36
Q

gray baby syndrome

A

with chloramphenicol

-infant lack UDP-glucuronyl transferase

37
Q

lack of UDP glucuronyl transferase

A

gray baby syndrome

-with cholramphenicol

38
Q

adverse cholramphenicol

A

gray baby syndrome

anemia

39
Q

resistance chloramphenicol

A

plasmid encoded acetyltransferase - inactivates drug

40
Q

coverage chloramphenicol

A

meningitis - h. flu, n. meningitis, strep pneum

rocky mountain spotted fever - rickettsia rickettsii

41
Q

clindamycin

A

block peptide transfer - 50S

42
Q

adverse clindamycin

A

C. dificile overgrowth

-pseudomembranous colitis

43
Q

treat anaerobe above diaphragm

A

clindamycin

44
Q

treat anaerobe below diaphragm

A

metrondiazole

45
Q

linezolid

A

inhibit protein synthesis

-bind 23S RNA of 50S subunit

46
Q

coverage of linezoli

A

MRSA and VRE

allow outpatient tx of these infections - because give oral

Board Review - B - Systems Pharmacology (26 decks)

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