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Board Review - B - Systems Pharmacology > Antimicrobials I > Flashcards

Antimicrobials I Flashcards

1
Q

PCN G

A

IV/IM form

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2
Q

PCN V

A

oral form

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3
Q

penicillin

A

bind PCN-binding protein - transpeptidase

-blocks crosslinking peptidoglycan

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4
Q

coverage of PCN

A

gram positive organisms
gram neg cocci - neisseria meningitidis
spirochetes - t. pallidum

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5
Q

resistance to PCN

A

penicillinase - beta-lactamase

cleaves beta lactam ring

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6
Q

amoxicillin

A

penicillinase sensitive PCN

-aminopenicillin

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7
Q

ampicillin

A

penicillinase sensitive PCN

-aminopenicillin

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8
Q

coverage of amoxicillin and ampicillin

A

HHELPSS

h. flu
h. oylori
e. coli
listeria
proteus
salmonella
shigella

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9
Q

HHELPS

A

coverage amoxicillin and ampicillin

h. flu
h. oylori
e. coli
listeria
proteus
salmonella
shigella

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10
Q

adverse of amoxicillin/ampicillin

A

pseudomembranous colitis

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11
Q

rash with amoxicillin or ampicillin

A

consider underlying mononucleosis infection

aminoPCN rxn

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12
Q

dicloxacillin

A

penicillinase resistant penicillin

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13
Q

nafcillin

A

penicillinase resistant penicillin

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14
Q

oxacillin

A

penicillinase resistant penicillin

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15
Q

penicillinase resistant penicillin

A

resistant to penicillinase - bc of bulky R group

blocks access of beta-lactamase

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16
Q

coverage of penicillin resistant penicillins

A

staph aureus

not MRSA

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17
Q

piperacillin

A

antipseudomonal

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18
Q

ticarillin

A

antipseudomonal

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19
Q

antipseudomonals

A

penicillin mechanism of action

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20
Q

coverage antipseudomonals

A

pseudomonas
gram neg rods
susceptible to penicillinase

use with beta-lactam inhibitor

21
Q

clavulinic acid

A

beta-lactamase inhibitor

22
Q

sulbactam

A

beta-lactamase inhibitor

23
Q

tazobactam

A

beta-lactamase inhibitor

24
Q

beta-lactamase inhibitors

A

add to PCN antibiotics - to protect antibiotic from destruction by beta-lactamase

25
Q

tx syphilis

A

PCN G

26
Q

tx UTI

A

amoxicillin

27
Q

tx neonatal listeria/group B strep

A

ampicillin

28
Q

tx resistant otitis media

A

amoxicillin and clavulinic acid

29
Q

cephalosporin

A

beta-lactam drug

  • inhibit cell wall synthesis
  • less susceptible to penicillinases
30
Q

not covered by cephalosporin

A

LAME

listeria
atypicals
mycoplasma
enterococci

31
Q

cefazolin

A

1st gen cephalosporin

32
Q

cephalexin

A

1st gen cephalosporin

33
Q

generation of cephalosporins

A

as get to further generation

  • more gram negative coverage
  • less gram positive coverage
34
Q

1st generation cephalosporin gram coverage

A

gram positive
proteus
e. coli
klebsiella

35
Q

PeCK coverage

A

1st gen cephalosporins

proteus
e. coli
klebsiella

36
Q

cefoxitin

A

2nd gen cephalosporin

37
Q

cefaclor

A

2nd gen cephalosporin

38
Q

cefuroxime

A

2nd gen cephalosporin

39
Q

2nd gen cephalosporin coverage

A

HEN PEcKS

h. fluc
enterobacter aerogenes
neisseria
proteus
e. coli
klebsiella
serratia
40
Q

ceftriaxone

A

3rd gen cephalosporin

41
Q

cefotaxime

A

3rd gen cephalosporin

42
Q

ceftazidime

A

3rd gen cephalosporin

43
Q

3rd gen cephalosporin coverage

A

serious gram negatives

ceftriaxone - meningitis, gonorrhea, disseminated lyme
ceftazidine - pseudomonas

44
Q

tx disseminated lyme

A

ceftriaxone

45
Q

ceftaroline

A

5th gen cephalosporin

46
Q

5th gen cephalosporin coverage

A

broad gram positive and gram negative

does not cover pseudomonas

47
Q

pseudomonas cephalosporin

A

covered by cefepime - 4h generation

48
Q

cefepime

A

4th gen cephalosporin

49
Q

increased nephrotoxicity of aminoglycosides

A

with cephalosporins

Board Review - B - Systems Pharmacology (26 decks)

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