Muscles of the Body Part 2 (Q2,P5) Flashcards
Deltoid
Origin: Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula
- Insertion: DELTOID TUBEROSITY OF HUMERUS
- Action: Anterior part: flexes and medially rotates arm
Middle part: ABDUCTS ARM
Posterior part: extends and laterally rotates arm
Teres Major
- Origin: Dorsal surface of inferior angle of scapula
- Insertion: Medial lip of intertubercular groove of HUMERUS
- Action: Adducts and medially rotates arm; prime mover of lateral rotation
Supraspinatus
Origin: Supraspinous fossa of scapula
Insertion: Superior facet on GREATER TUBEROSITY OF HUMERUS
Action: Initiates and assists deltoid in abduction of arm and acts with other rotator cuff muscles
Infraspinatus
- Origin: Infraspinous fossa of scapula
- Insertion: Middle facet on GREATER TUBEROSITY OF HUMERUS
- Action: Laterally rotate arm; helps to hold humeral head in glenoid cavity of scapula
Teres minor
- Origin:Superior part of lateral border of scapula
- Insertion: Inferior facet on GREATER TUBEROSITY OF HUMERUS
Action: Laterally rotate arm; helps to hold humeral head in glenoid cavity of scapula
Subscapularis
- Origin: Subscapular fossa of scapula
- Insertion: LESSER TUBEROSITY OF HUMERUS
- Action: Medially rotates arm and adducts it; helps to hold humeral head in glenoid cavity of scapula
Biceps brachii
- Origin:
Short head – tip of coracoid process of scapula
Long head – supraglenoid tubercle of scapula - Insertion: TUBEROSITY OF RADIUS and fascia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis
- Action: Supinates forearm, FLEXES FOREARM
Brachialis
- Origin: Distal half of anterior surface of humerus
- Insertion: Coronoid process and tuberosity of ULNA
Action: MAJOR FLEXOR OF FOREARM– flexes forearm in all positions
Triceps brachii
Origin:
Long head:
infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Lateral head:
posterior surface of humerus, superior to radial groove
Medial head:
posterior surface of humerus, inferior to radial groove
- Insertion: Proximal end of OLECRANON PROCESS OF ULNA and fascia of forearm
- Action: CHIEF EXTENSOR OF FOREARM; long head steadies head of abducted humerus
Flexor carpi radialis
Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Base of 2nd METACARPAL
Action: FLEXES and abducts HAND (at WRIST)
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Origin:
Humeral head:
medial epicondyle of humerus
Ulnar head:
olecranon and posterior border of ulna
Insertion: Pisiform bone, hook of hamate bone, and 5th METACARPAL bone
Action: FLEXES and adducts hand (at WRIST)
Flexor digitorum superficialis
Origin:
Humoulnar head:
medial epicondyle of humerus, ulnar collateral ligament, and coronoid process of ulna
Radial head:
superior half of anterior border of radius
Insertion: BODIES OF MIDDLE PHALANGES OF DIGITS 2-5
Action:
FLEXES MIDDLE PHALANGES at proximal interphalangeal joints of medial four digits; acting more strongly, it also flexes proximal phalanges at metacarpophalangeal joints and hand
Brachioradialis
Origin:
Proximal 2/3 of lateral supracondyle ridge of humerus
Insertion:
Lateral surface of distal end of RADIUS
Action: FLEXES FOREARM
Supinator
Origin: LATERAL EPICONDYLE of HUMERUS, radial collateral and annular ligaments, supinator fossa and crest of ulna
Insertion: Lateral, posterior and anterior surfaces of proximal 1/3 of RADIUS
Action: SUPINATES FOREARM (i.e., rotates radius to turn palm anteriorly)
Gluteus maximus
Origin: Dorsal ilium, sacrum, and coccyx
Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity of femur; iliotibial tract
Action: Extends the thigh
Adductor longus
Origin: Pubis; near the pubic symphysis
Insertion: Linea aspera of the femur
Action: Adducts thigh
Adductor magnus
Origin: Ischium and pubis
Insertion: Linea aspera of the femur
Action: Adducts thigh
Sartorius
Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion: Proximal tibia
Action: Flexes and rotates the leg
AKA The tailor’s muscle
— lateral boarder of the femoral (Scarpa’s) triangle
Rectus femoris
Origin: Anterior inferior ILIAC SPINE and superior margin of ACETABULUM
Insertion: Patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
Action: Extends leg
Quadriceps; “Quads”
Vastus lateralis
Origin: Greater trochanter intertrochanteric line; linea aspera
Insertion: Patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
Action: Extends leg
Quadriceps; “Quads”
Vastus medialis
Origin: Linea aspera, medial supracondylar line, intertrochanteric line
Insertion: Patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
Action: Extends leg
Quadriceps; “Quads”
Vastus intermedius
Origin: Anterior and lateral surfaces of proximal shaft of the femur
Insertion: Patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
Action: Extends leg
Quadriceps; “Quads”
Biceps femoris
Origin: Long head - ISCIAL TUBEROSITY; Short head – linea asera, lateral supracondylar line, and distal femur
Insertion: Fibula (common tendon passes downward and laterally to insert into head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia)
Action: Flexes leg
Hamstrings
Semitendinosus
Origin: Ischial tuberosity in common with long head of biceps femoris
Insertion: Medial aspect of upper tibial shaft
Action: Flexes leg
Hamstrings
Semimembranosus
Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Medial condyle of tibia; through oblique ligament to lateral condyle of femur
Action: Flexes leg
Hamstrings
Popliteus
Origin: lateral condyle of femur and lateral meniscus of knee
Insertion: Proximal tibia
Action: Rotates leg
Tibialis anterior
Origin: Lateral condyle of femur and lateral meniscus of knee
Insertion: By tendon into inferior surface of medial cuneiform and first metatarsal bone
Action: Dorsiflexion (points toes upward)
Gastrocnemius
Origin: By two heads from medial and lateral condyles of femur
Insertion: Posterior calcaneus via calcaneal tendon (Achilles tendon)
Action: Plantar flexion (point toes downward)
Soleus
Origin: Extensive cone-shaped origin from superior tibia, fibula, and interosseous membrane
Insertion: Posterior calcaneus via calcaneal tendon (Achilles tendon)
Action: Plantar flexion
— Lies deep to the gastrocnemius
3 Hamstring Muscles
Biceps femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
The 4 Quadriceps
Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius
The 4 Rotator Cuff Muscles
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis
