Facial Muscles (Q2,P3) PICTURES Flashcards
Origin
The unmoving end of the muscle that is attached to another structure
Insertion
The muscle attachment that is moved when the muscle is activated
Action
The function of a particular muscle/what the muscle does
Synergist
Separate muscles that work toward the same goal.
Two or more muscles may help each other
Antagonist
Separate muscles work against each other (antagonize each other)
Belly
- The widest part of the muscle
- The fleshy part of the muscle
- Some muscles have more than one
Occipital-frontalis/Epicranius (Occipitalis)
Origin: superior nuchal line (occipital bone)
Insertion: galea aponeurotica
Action: draws scalp posteriorly (toward the origin/ back of the head)
Occipital-frontalis/Epicranius (frontalis)
Definition: belly at the anterior of the cranium
Origin: galea aponeurotica
Insertion: skin of. Eyebrows and root of nose
Action: draws superior and wrinkles forword
Nickname: surprise muscle
Temporalis
Definition: located on the temples
Origin: temporal fossa
Insertion: Coronoid process (mandible)
Action: closes the jaw (muscle of mastication)
also called: strongest chewing muscle
Corrugator
Origin: superciliary arch of frontal bone
Insertion: skin of eyebrow
Action: draws eyebrows inferiorly and wrinkles skin over glabella
Nickname: frowning muscle; means cardboard, wrinkly
(forms interciliary sulci)
Procerus
Origin: Nasal bone
Insertion: frontalis muscle and skin of glabella
Action: pulls eyebrows inferiorly
Masseter
Origin: zygomatic bone and zygomatic arch of temporal bone
Insertion: angle and Ramos of mandible
Action: closes the jaw
Nickname: chewing muscle (masticate=chew)
Risorius
Origin: deep fascia of cheek
Insertion: skin at the corner of mouth
Action: draws corner of mouth Laterally
Nickname: false smile
Orbicularis oris
Origin: mandible, maxilla, and adjacent muscles to mouth
Insertion: skin and muscles of lips
Action: compresses and proteudes lips and closes mouth
Nickname: puckering muscle
Lavator Anguli Oris
- Origin: maxilla
- Insertion: Skin/muscle at corner of the mouth
- Action: Raises angle of the mouth
Also called: Snarling muscle
Found deep to the Quadratus labii superioris
Depressor labii inferioris
Origin: mandible
Insertion: skin of lower lip
Action: draws lower lip inferiorly and laterally
(Quadratus labii inferioris- means four sides)
Depressor Anguli Oris
Origin: mandible
Insertion: skin and muscles at corner of the mouth
Action: draws corner of mouth inferiorly
(Triangularis)
Mentalis
Origin: incisive fossa of mandible
Insertion: skin of chin
Action: elevates and protrudes lower lip, wrinkles skin of chin
(Mental=chin)
Digastric (Anterior Belly)
Origin: lower margin mandible
Insertion: hyoid bone
Action: lowers mandible and opens jaw; elevates hyoid bone
(Digastric=2 bellies)
Digastric (posterior belly)
Origin: mastoid process
Insertion: hyoid bone
Action: elevates hyoid bone during mastication (chewing) and swallowing
Levator palpebrae superioris (deep)
Origin: sphenoid bone inside rear of eye socket
Insertion: skin of superior eyelid
Action: draws eyelids open
Orbicularis oculi
Origin: frontal and maxilla bones and ligaments surround the eye sockets (encircles eye)
Insertion: inferior and superior palpebrae (encircles eye)
Action: closes eyelids, squinting, blinking, and draws eyebrows inferiorly
creates crow’s feet
type of sphincter muscle
Lavator labii superioris alaeque nasi
Definition; lifter of top lip, located on the sides of the face
Origin: upper rontal process of maxilla
Insertion: skin of lateral nostril wing and the upper lip
Action: raises upper lip and dilates the nostrils
Also called: common elevator
Lavator labii superioris
Origin: zygomatic bone and infraorbital margin maxilla bones
Insertion: muscle and skin of the upper lip
Action: lifts upper lip and exposes maxillary (upper) teeth
also known as: intermediate head of the quadratus labii superioris
Zygomaticus Major
Origin: lateral area of zygomatic bone.
Insertion: muscle and skin of upper lip
Action: draws lip posteriorly, superiorly, and laterally
Nickname: laughing muscle (remember “major laughs”)
Zygomaticus Minor
Origin: zygomatic bone
Insertion: muscle and skin of the upper lip
Action: draws upper lip superiorly and laterally
Nickname: smiling muscle
Buccinator
Origin: molar region of maxilla and mandible
Insertion: lateral corner of Orbicularis Oris (mouth)
Action: compresses neck
Nickname: bugler’s muscle/ trumpeter’s muscle
- deepest cheek muscle
Platysma
Origin: clavicles and pectoralis (fascia of the chest; over pectora; muscles and deltoid)
Insertion: mandible, skin of corner of mouth, and cheeks
Action: depresses mandible and lower mouth; tenses skin of lower Face And anterior neck
(Plat=flat)
also called: shock and horror muscle
Sternocleidomastoid (SCM)
Definition: two heads, one attaching to the clavicle, and one attaching to the sternum
Origin: clavicle and sternum
Insertion: mastoid process of the temporal bone and superior nuchal line of occipital bone
Action: pulls the head anteriorly and inferiorly (to dip your head)
(Deep to platysma)
Omohyoid
Origin: Superior surface of the scapula
Insertion: Lower border of the hyoid bone
Action: Depresses the hyoid bone (antagonist to digastric)
Medial Pterygoid
Origin: Medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone, maxilla, and palatine bone
Insertion: Medial surface of the mandible near its angle
Action: Promotes side-to-side (grinding) movements
Lateral Pterygoid
Origin: Greater wing and lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone
Insertion: Condyle of the mandible and capsule of the temporomandibular joint
Action: Promotes side-to-side (grinding) movements
Heads of the Quadratus Labii Superioris
- Medial head – Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
- Intermediate head – Levator labii superioris
- Lateral head – Zygomaticus minor
Cheek Muscles
Anterior to exterior: risorius, Masseter, buccinator
