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Anatomy and Physiology for Mortuary Science > Blood Vessels 1/ Branches of the Aorta (Q3,P3) > Flashcards

Blood Vessels 1/ Branches of the Aorta (Q3,P3) Flashcards

1
Q

Hematology

A

The study of blood

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2
Q

Cardiology

A

The study of the Heart

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3
Q

Angiology

A
  • The study of blood vessels
  • Two Sectors: Arteriology &Phlebology
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4
Q

Arteriology

A
  • The study of arteries
  • A sector of angiology
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5
Q

Phlebology

A

-Study of veins
- A sector of angiology

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6
Q

Tunica Intima

A
  • Inner layer of blood vessels
  • Endothelium
  • Smooth surface
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7
Q

Tunica Media

A
  • Middle layer of blood vessels
  • Smooth muscle tissue
  • Constrict/Dilate
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8
Q

Tunica Externa/Adventitia

A
  • Outer layer of blood vessels
  • Connective tissue
  • Support vessel/anchor to other structures
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9
Q

Order of Progression of Blood Vessels
(starting with the heart, and returning to the heart)

A
  1. Arteries
  2. Arterioles
  3. Capillaries of the capillary beds
  4. Venules
  5. Veins
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10
Q

Anastomoses/Collateral Circulation

A
  • Backup routes for blood to flow if one link is blocked or compromised
  • Occur normally throughout the body in the circulatory system
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11
Q

Circle of Willis

A
  • An example of an anastomoses
  • a ring of vessels connecting the anterior and posterior circulations of the brain
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12
Q

Other Anastomoses

A
  • Scapular Anastomoses
  • Patellar Anastomoses
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13
Q

Vasa Vasorum

A
  • Small blood vessels that supply the walls of larger arteries and veins
  • supply the outer wall (externa) of large arteries and veins.
  • “vessels of vessels”
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14
Q

Pulmonary Trunk

A

exits the right ventricle

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15
Q

Pulmonary Arteries

A
  • Branch from the Pulmonary Trunk
  • blood vessels that carry oxygen-poor blood from the right side of your heart to your lungs.
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16
Q

Lobar Arteries

A
  • branch from the pulmonary arteries
  • 3 right, 2 left
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17
Q

Pulmonary Veins

A
  • Return oxygen-rich blood to the heart and empty into the left atrium
  • 2 right,2 left
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18
Q

Systemic Arteries

A
  • Carry oxygenated blood away from the heart
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19
Q

Aorta

A
  • Largest artery in the body
  • vessel leaving the left ventricle
  • Three Primary Regions: Ascending Aorta, Aortic Branch, Descending Aorta
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20
Q

Ascending Aorta

A
  • Ascends from the left ventricle
  • Branches include the right and left coronary arteries
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21
Q

Aortic Arch

A
  • Lies posterior to the manubrium
  • Has Three Branches: Brachiocephalic Trunk, Left Common Carotid, Left Subclavian
22
Q

Brachiocephalic Trunk/ Brachiocephalic Artery/ Innominate artery

A

-Artery of the mediastinum that supplies blood to the RIGHT ARM and the HEAD and NECK
- first branch of the aortic arch
- Later divides into the right common carotid artery and the right subclavian artery.

23
Q

Left Common Carotid

A
  • Supplies oxygenated blood to the LEFT SIDE of the HEAD and NECK
  • Divides in the neck to form the external and internal carotid arteries.
24
Q

Left Subclavian Artery

A
  • A major artery of the upper thorax that mainly supplies blood to the HEAD and ARMS.
  • Has 4 Branches: Vertebral Artery, Internal Thoracic Artery, Thyrocervical trunk, Costocervical trunk
25
Q

Descending Aorta

A
  • Continues from the aortic arch and becomes two parts
  • the thoracic aorta (region of T5-T12) and Abdominal aorta (ends at L4)
  • Later divides into right and left common iliac arteries
26
Q

Branches of the Descending Aorta

A
  • Parietal Branches – supply the walls
  • Visceral Branches – supply the organs
27
Q

Parietal Branches of the Thoracic Aorta

A
  • supply the walls of the thoracic cavity
  • Posterior intercostal arteries, Subcostal arteries, Superior phrenic arteries
28
Q

Posterior Intercostal Arteries

A
  • arteries that supply blood to the intercostal spaces
  • 9 pair
  • Continuous with the anterior intercostal arteries
  • Parietal Branch of the Thoracic Aorta
29
Q

Subcostal Arteries

A

-The lowest pair of branches derived from the thoracic aorta, and are in series with the intercostal arteries.
- 1 pair
- Inferior to the 12th rib
- Parietal Branch of the Thoracic Aorta

30
Q

Superior Phrenic Arteries

A
  • small and arise from the lower part of the thoracic aorta
  • they are distributed to the posterior part of the UPPER SURFACE of the DIAPHRAGM
  • 1 Pair
  • Parietal Branch of the Thoracic Aorta
31
Q

Visceral Branches of the Thoracic Aorta

A
  • Esophageal Arteries
  • Bronchial Arteries
  • Pericardial Arteries
32
Q

esophageal arteries

A
  • 4 or 5
  • Arise from the front of the aorta and goes to the ESOPHAGUS
  • forms an anastomosis with the esophageal branches of the inferior thyroid arteries above, and ascending branches from the left inferior phrenic and left gastric arteries below.
  • Visceral Branch of the Thoracic Aorta
33
Q

Bronchial Arteries

A
  • supply blood to the bronchi and connective tissue of the lungs
  • Visceral Branch of the Thoracic Aorta
34
Q

Pericardial Arteries

A
  • supply the pericardium and organs in the posterior mediastinum
  • Visceral Branch of the Thoracic Aorta
35
Q

Arteries of the Abdominal Aorta

A

Inferior phrenic arteries (parietal branches)
Celiac trunk (unpaired visceral branch)
Superior mesenteric artery (unpaired visceral branch)
Suprarenal arteries (paired visceral branches)
Renal arteries (paired visceral branches)
Gonadal (testicular or ovarian) arteries (paired visceral branches)
Inferior mesenteric artery (unpaired visceral branch)
Common iliac arteries (terminal branches)
+ Lumbar (paired parietal branches)
+ Median Sacral (unpaired parietal branch)

36
Q

Parietal Branches of the Abdominal Aorta

A
  • Inferior Phrenic Arteries
  • Lumbar Arteries
  • Median Sacral Artery
37
Q

Inferior Phrenic Arteries

A
  • two small vessels, which supply the diaphragm. (paired)
  • Parietal Branch of the Abdominal Aorta
38
Q

Lumbar Arteries

A
  • 4, on either side of the aorta and upper 4 lumbar vertebrae (not evenly divided)
  • a smaller, fifth pair may arise from the middle sacral artery
  • Parietal Branch of the Abdominal Aorta
39
Q

Median Sacral Artery/middle sacral artery

A
  • a small vessel, which arises from the back of the aorta, a little above its bifurcation.
  • It descends in the middle line in front of the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebræ, the sacrum and coccyx.
  • Parietal Branch of the Abdominal Aorta
40
Q

Paired Visceral Branches of the Abdominal Aorta

A

Middle Suprarenal Arteries
Renal Arteries
Gonadal Arteries

41
Q

Middle Suprarenal(adrenal) Arteries

A
  • two small vessels which arise, one from either side of the abdominal aorta.
  • They pass laterally and slightly upward, to the suprarenal glands (adrenal glands).
  • Paired Visceral Branch of the Abdominal Aorta
42
Q

Renal Arteries

A
  • supply the kidneys with blood
  • arise off the side of the abdominal aorta, immediately below the superior mesenteric artery
  • Paired Visceral Branch of the Abdominal Aorta
43
Q

Gonadal Arteries

A
  • A paired artery with one arising from the abdominal aorta for each gonad.
  • Refers to the testicular artery in males or the ovarian artery in females
  • Paired Visceral Branch of the Abdominal Aorta
44
Q

Unpaired Visceral Arteries of the Abdominal Aorta

A
  • Celiac Trunk (three branches: Left Gastric Artery,Splenic Artery, Common Hepatic Artery)
  • Superior Mesenteric Artery
  • Inferior Mesenteric Artery
45
Q

Celiac Trunk/Celiac Artery

A
  • the first major branch of the abdominal aorta - branches from the aorta around the level of the T12
  • one of three anterior/ midline branches of the abdominal aorta
    Left Gastric Artery
    Splenic Artery
    Common Hepatic Artery
  • Unpaired Visceral Artery of the Abdominal Aorta
46
Q

Left Gastric Artery

A
  • Supplies/runs along the superior portion of the lesser curvature of the STOMACH. Branches also supply the lower ESOPHAGUS
  • arises from the celiac artery
  • anastomoses with the right gastric artery, which supplies the inferior portion.
  • Part of Celiac Trunk
47
Q

Splenic Artery

A
  • the blood vessel that supplies oxygenated blood to the SPLEEN.
  • branches from the celiac artery, and follows a course superior to the pancreas.
  • Part of Celiac Trunk
48
Q

Common Hepatic Artery

A
  • a short blood vessel that supplies oxygenated blood to the LIVER, PYLORUS,(a part of the stomach), DUODENUM (a part of the small intestine) and PANCREAS
  • Part of Celiac Trunk
49
Q

Superior Mesenteric Artery (SMA)

A
  • supplies the intestine from the lower part of the duodenum to the left colic flexure and the pancreas (small intestine and proximal part of the large intestine).
  • arises from the anterior surface of the abdominal aorta, just inferior to the origin of the celiac trunk
  • Unpaired Visceral Artery of the Abdominal Aorta
50
Q

Inferior Mesenteric Artery (IMA)

A
  • supplies the large intestine from the left colic (or splenic) flexure to the upper part of the rectum, which includes the descending colon, the sigmoid colon, and part of the rectum.
  • Unpaired Visceral Artery of the Abdominal Aorta
51
Q

Common Iliac Arteries (CIA)

A
  • The large paired terminal branches of the abdominal aorta.
  • The CIA bifurcates at the point where the ureter crosses it anteriorly into its terminal branches, the internal iliac artery and external iliac artery, at the level of the pelvic brim

Anatomy and Physiology for Mortuary Science (31 decks)

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