microbe list exam 4 Flashcards
Type: Prokaryotic, bacterial
Disease: Gonorrhea
Route of Infection: Sexual contact, mother-to-child during birth
System Affected: Urogenital
Gram Stain: Gram-negative, diplococci
Virulence Factors: Pili (adhesion), antigenic variation, endotoxin (lipooligosaccharide)
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Type: Prokaryotic, bacterial
Disease: Salmonellosis (typhoid fever or gastroenteritis)
Route of Infection: Fecal-oral, contaminated food/water
System Affected: Gastrointestinal
Gram Stain: Gram-negative, rod-shaped
Virulence Factors: Invasion proteins (T3SS), survival in macrophages
Salmonella enterica (enterobacterica)
Type: Prokaryotic, bacterial
Disease: Opportunistic infections (e.g., pneumonia, UTIs, wound infections)
Route of Infection: Open wounds, medical devices, inhalation
System Affected: Respiratory, urinary, skin
Gram Stain: Gram-negative, rod-shaped
Virulence Factors: Biofilm formation, exotoxins (e.g., Exotoxin A), efflux pumps
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Type: Eukaryotic, protozoan
Disease: Giardiasis
Route of Infection: Fecal-oral, contaminated water
System Affected: Gastrointestinal
Virulence Factors: Adhesive disc, cyst form (resistant to environment)
Giardia lamblia
Type: Eukaryotic, protozoan
Disease: Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM)
Route of Infection: Inhalation of contaminated water (nasal mucosa to brain)
System Affected: Nervous system
Virulence Factors: Phagocytosis of host tissue, amoebic trophozoite stage
Naegleria fowleri
Type: Eukaryotic, slime mold (social amoeba)
Significance: Not a pathogen (often used as a model organism in research).
Focus: Likely non-pathogenic context will appear on the exam.
Dictyostelium discoideum
Type: Eukaryotic, protozoan
Disease: Toxoplasmosis
Route of Infection: Ingestion of oocysts (e.g., cat feces, undercooked meat)
System Affected: Nervous system, fetus (congenital infections)
Virulence Factors: Invasion of host cells, formation of cysts
Toxoplasma gondii
