chapter 21 class notes

Question 1

localized collection of pus

Answer 1

abscess

Question 2

The large whitehead
near the center of the cheek is an infected hair follicle that has become purulent (or suppurative), leading to the formation of a ______.

Answer 2

furuncle

Question 3

is a bacterial infection of the skin that manifests as a rash of inflamed hair follicles (folliculitis)

Answer 3

acne

Question 4

The conjunctiva is a frequent site of infection of the eye; like other mucous membranes, it is also a common portal of
entry for pathogens. Inflammation of the conjunctiva is called ________, although it is commonly known as
pinkeye because of the pink appearance in the eye.

Answer 4

conjunctivitis

Question 5

The term “_____” refers to an inflammation of the eyelids, while “______” refers to an inflammation of the cornea.

Answer 5

blepharitis

keratitis

Question 6

86% are associated with healthcare

redness of skin/scalded skin syndrome

staphlolysins

Answer 6

MRSA

Question 7

group A streptococcus

produces a capsule and M protein, a
streptococcal cell wall protein

Answer 7

S. pyogenes

Question 8

Common streptococcal conditions of the skin include cellulitis, erysipelas, and erythema nodosum. An infection that
develops in the dermis or hypodermis can cause cellulitis, which presents as a reddened area of the skin that is
warm to the touch and painful. The causative agent is often

Answer 8

S. pyogenes

Question 9

is commonly prescribed
for treatment of cellulitis and erysipelas because resistance is not widespread in streptococci at this time.

Answer 9

Penicillin

Question 10

flesh eating bacteria

bacterial gram positive

Answer 10

necrotizing fasciitis

Question 11

staph and strep are both

Answer 11

gram positives

Question 12

gram negative found in soil

live in low concentration cleaning solution

hot tub rash
swimmers ear Otis external

in hospital main infection of burn patients

opportunistic

Answer 12

p. aeruginosa

Question 13

forms spores

found in dirt, animals- transmitted through animal by products, hides and wool

bioterrorism weapon

It is characterized by the formation of a nodule on
the skin; the cells within the nodule die, forming a black eschar, a mass of dead skin tissue

Answer 13

bacillus anthrax

Question 14

The vast majority of anthrax cases (95–99%) occur when anthrax endospores enter the body through abrasions of
the skin. This form of the disease is called

Answer 14

cutaneous anthrax

Question 15

If untreated, _______ can cause
death in 20% of patients.

Answer 15

cutaneous anthrax

Question 16

The mortality rate for gastrointestinal
anthrax can be up to ___, even with treatment

Answer 16

40%

Question 17

Inhalation anthrax, which occurs when anthrax spores are inhaled,
initially causes influenza-like symptoms, but mortality rates are approximately ___ in treated individuals and ___
in those not treated

Answer 17

45%

85%

Question 18

Neonatal conjunctivitis, also known as ophthalmia neonatorum, is an eye infection that newborns can acquire during birth if exposed to certain sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the birth canal. There are two main types:

Answer 18

chlamydia

gonorrhea

Question 19

A common upper respiratory infection, streptococcal pharyngitis ____ is caused by Streptococcus
pyogenes

Answer 19

(strep throat)

Question 20

strep A can cause

Answer 20

Scarlett fever/rheumatic fever

Question 21

The pseudomembrane in a patient with ______ presents as a leathery gray patch consisting of dead cells, pus, fibrin, red blood cells, and infectious microbes

Answer 21

diphtheria