Chapter 11 study guide 2

Question 1

transitional complex forms and Trna brings first amino acid in polypeptide chain to bind to start codon on mrna

Answer 1

initiation

Question 2

trnas bring amino acids one by one to form polypeptide chain

Answer 2

elongation

Question 3

release factors recognize stop codon. transitional complex disassociates and completed peptide is released

Answer 3

termination

Question 4

the processes of transcription and translation occur simultaneously in the cytoplasm, allowing for a rapid
cellular response to an environmental cue.

Answer 4

prokaryotes

Question 5

ranscription is localized to the nucleus and translation is localized to the
cytoplasm, separating these processes and necessitating RNA processing for stability.

Answer 5

eukaryotes

Question 6

Opens the DNA helix by breaking hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases

Answer 6

helicase

Question 7

DNA nucleotides are added to the RNA primer by a

Answer 7

DNA polymerase

Question 8

One strand is made in segments called Okazaki fragments

Answer 8

lagging strand

Question 9

One strand is made continuously

Answer 9

leading strand

Question 10

elongation occurs

Answer 10

5 to 3

Question 11

occurs using both parent strands of DNA as a template

Answer 11

elongation

Question 12

The DNA may:
* be incorporated into the chromosome
* remain as a ____ in the cytoplasm

Answer 12

plasmid

Question 13

involves the exchange of
DNA from one cell to another

Answer 13

conjugation

Question 14

a _____ allows close contact
between cells

Answer 14

conjugation pilus

Question 15

In ____, bacteria receive DNA via a
bacteriophage.

Answer 15

transduction

Question 16

In prokaryotes, some genes are grouped together in
an ________?
* Also includes a promoter and an operator
(upstream)
* Controls expression of multiple genes at once

Answer 16

operon