Chapter 24 class notes Flashcards
Inflammation of the gums that can lead to irritation and bleeding.
Caused by the accumulation of plaque on the teeth, which allows bacteria to colonize the gingival space.
As the space becomes anaerobic, microbes such as Porphyromonas, Streptococcus, and Actinomyces colonize.
Bacterial products like lipopolysaccharide (LPS), proteases, and lipoteichoic acids cause inflammation and gum damage.
gingivitis
form biofilms on teeth
pulp
dentin
enamel
Microbial lesions that cause damage to the teeth.
Can progress from the outer enamel layer to infect dentin and pulp.
Untreated caries may form an abscess that spreads to deeper tissues, roots, or bloodstream.
dental caries
Hardened plaque biofilm formed over time when a thick layer of plaque calcifies.
Contains a variety of bacterial species, such as Streptococcus and Actinomyces.
tarter dental calculus
when this happens, the gum recedes and expose parts of the tooth below the crown
peridontits
Overgrowth of Candida in the mouth is called ____ . It often appears as white patches.
thrush
It causes fever, muscle pain, headache, pain with chewing, loss of appetite, fatigue, and weakness. There is swelling of the salivary glands and associated pain
mumps
The greatest risk is for food left at a temperature below 60 °C (140 °F), which allows the bacteria to grow.
Cooked foods should generally be reheated to at least 60 °C (140 °F) for safety and most raw meats should be
cooked to even higher internal temperatures
danger zone
40F ——— 140F
intestinal lining being destroyed “bloody stool”
bacterial form is called shigellosis
dysentery
is able to produce Shiga toxin, which targets the endothelial cells of small blood vessels in the small and large intestine by binding to a glycosphingolipid
S. dysenteriae type 1
is caused by the rod-shaped gram-negative bacteria salmonella
salmonellosis
Caused by Salmonella enterica serotypes Typhi (mainly) and Paratyphi.
typhoid fever
also known as traveler’s diarrhea, causes diarrheal illness and is common in less
developed countries
Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC)
extreme rapid water loss (diarrhea)
IV treatment
cholera
The gram-negative bacterium Helicobacter pylori is able to tolerate the acidic environment of the human stomach
and has been shown to be a major cause of
peptic ulcers