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PathoPharm > lilley ch 51 bowel disorder drugs > Flashcards

lilley ch 51 bowel disorder drugs Flashcards

1
Q

causes acute diarrhea (5)

A
  • bacteria
  • viruses
  • drug induced
  • nutritional factors
  • protozoa
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2
Q

causes chronic diarrhea (6)

A
  • tumors
  • diabetes
  • addisons disease
  • hyperthyroidism
  • IBS
  • AIDS
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3
Q

3 categories antidiarrheals

A
  • adsorbents
  • antimotility drugs
  • probiotics
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4
Q

4 examples adsorbents

A
  • pepto bismol
  • activated charcoal
  • colestipol
  • cholestyramine
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5
Q

examples anticholinergic (antimotility) drugs (3)

A
  • atropine
  • hyoscyamine
  • belladonna alkaloid combos
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6
Q

examples opiate (antimotility) drugs (3)

A
  • codeine
  • loperamide
  • lomatil
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7
Q

examples probiotic drugs (1)

A

lactobacillus acidophilus

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8
Q

when would you use adsorbents

A

mild cases diarrhea

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9
Q

when would you use anticholinergics and opiates

A

more severe cases diarrhea

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10
Q

when would you use probiotics

A

antibiotic-induced diarrhea

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11
Q

adverse effects adsorbents (6)

A
  • increased bleeding time
  • constipation, dark stools
  • confusion
  • tinnitus
  • metallic taste
  • blue tongue
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12
Q

adverse effects anticholinergics (5)

A
  • urinary retention, impotence
  • headache, drowsiness
  • dry skin, flushing
  • blurred vision
  • tachycardia, hypotension
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13
Q

adverse effects opiates (6)

A
  • drowsiness, dizziness
  • N/V, constipation
  • resp depression
  • hypotension
  • urinary retention
  • flushing
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14
Q

who should opiates not be given to

A

patient with bloody diarrhea

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15
Q

drug interactions adsorbents (5)

A 
digoxin
quinine
hypoglycemic drugs
warfarin
methotrexate
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16
Q

who should pepto bismol not be given to

A

kids/teenagers with chickenpox/flu

risk of reyes

17
Q

who should anticholinergics not be given to (4)

A
  • narrow angle glaucoma
  • myasthenia gravis
  • paralytic ileus
  • toxic megacolon
18
Q

5 types laxatives

A
  • bulk forming
  • emollient (stool softener and lubricant)
  • hyperosmotic
  • saline
  • stimulant
19
Q

2 examples bulk forming laxatives

A

psyllium (metamucil)

methylcellulose (citrucel)

20
Q

2 examples emollient laxatives (stool softener and lubricant)

A

stool softener: docusate salts (colace, surfak)

lubricant: mineral oil

21
Q

4 examples hyperosmotic laxatives

A

polyethylene glycol
sorbitol
glycerin
lactulose

22
Q

2 examples saline laxatives

A 
magnesium hydroxide (milk of magnesia)
magnesium citrate (citroma)
23
Q

2 examples stimulant laxatives

A

senna (senokot)

bisacodyl (dulcolax)

24
Q

purpose of bulk forming laxatives

A

high fiber

absorbs water to increase bulk

25
Q

purpose of emollient laxatives

A

promotes more water and fat in stools

lubricates fecal material and intestinal walls

26
Q

purpose of hyperosmotic laxatives

A

increase fecal water content

27
Q

purpose of saline laxatives

A

causes more water to enter intestines

28
Q

purpose of stimulant laxatives

A

increases peristalsis

29
Q

adverse effects bulk forming laxatives (4)

A
  • impaction
  • fluid overload
  • electrolyte imbalances
  • esophogeal blockage
30
Q

adverse effects emollient laxatives (4)

A
  • skin rashes
  • decreased absorption of vitamins
  • electrolyte imbalances
  • lipid pneumonia
31
Q

adverse effects hyperosmotic laxatives (4)

A
  • abdominal bleeding
  • electrolyte imbalances
  • rectal irritation
  • diarrhea
32
Q

adverse effects saline laxatives (5)

A
  • magnesium toxicity
  • cramping
  • electrolyte imbalances
  • diarrhea
  • increased thirst
33
Q

adverse effects stimulant laxatives (6)

A
  • nutrient malabsorption
  • skin rashes
  • gastric irritation
  • electrolyte imbalances
  • discolored urine
  • rectal irritation
34
Q

what should be given with bisacodyl (dulcolax)

A

water and empty stomach (*not milk, juice, or antacids)

35
Q

what should be given with bulk forming laxatives

A

8 oz water

PathoPharm (42 decks)

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