Lilley Ch 12 (CNS depressants and muscle relaxants)

Question 1

CNS depressant: causes sleep, more potent than sedative

Answer 1

hypnotic

Question 2

3 main groups of sedative-hypnotics

Answer 2

1. barbiturates
2. benzodiazepines
3. misc. drugs

Question 3

2 classifications of benzodiazepines

Answer 3

sedative-hypnotic

anxiolytic

Question 4

3 examples of miscellaneous drugs that are sedative-hypnotics

Answer 4

ramelteon
belsomra
hetlioz

Question 5

excessive REM sleep following discontinuation of a sleep-altering drug.

Answer 5

REM rebound

Question 6

drug-induced reduction of REM sleep time

Answer 6

REM interference

Question 7

benzodiazepines that are most commonly abused (7)

Answer 7

klonopin
xanax
librium
valium
ativan
restoril
halcion

Question 8

type of sedative-hypnotic: CNS depressant, GABA receptors, promote relaxation and anxiety relief, treats seizures and alcohol withdrawal

Answer 8

benzodiazepines

Question 9

antidote for benzodiazepine toxicity

Answer 9

flumazenil

Question 10

two herbal interactions with benzodiazepines

Answer 10

kava

valerian

Question 11

3 benzodiazepine examples

Answer 11

diazepam
midazolam (versed)
temazepam (restoril)

Question 12

3 nonbenzodiazepine examples

Answer 12

lunesta
ramelteon
ambien

Question 13

functioning while sleeping

Answer 13

somnoambulation

Question 14

orexin receptor antagonist that promotes sleep

Answer 14

belsomra

Question 15

type of drug: highly habit forming, low therapeutic index, site of action = brainstem

Answer 15

barbiturates

Question 16

4 groups of barbiturates

Answer 16

1. ultrashort acting
2. short acting
3. intermediate acting
4. long acting (ex: phenobarbitorl)

Question 17

adverse effects of barbiturates on cardiovascular system

Answer 17

vasodilation

hypertension

Question 18

adverse effects of barbiturates on CNS

Answer 18

drowsiness
lethargy
vertigo

Question 19

adverse effects of barbiturates on respiratory system

Answer 19

respiratory depression

cough

Question 20

adverse effects of barbiturates on GI system

Answer 20

nausea
vomiting
diarrhea
constipation

Question 21

adverse effects of barbiturates on hematologic system

Answer 21

agranulocytosis

thrombocytopenia

Question 22

(2) barbiturate: used to prevent seizures

Answer 22

nembutal

phenobarbital

Question 23

Act to relieve pain associated with skeletal muscle spasms

Answer 23

muscle relaxants

Question 24

common muscle relaxants

Answer 24

lioresal
flexeril
dantrium
skelaxin
zanaflex
soma
paraflex
robaxin

Question 25

muscle relaxant: treats chronic spastic muscular conditions, can be used with an implantable pump device

Answer 25

lioresal

Question 26

muscle relaxant: most commonly used, extended release form = amrix

Answer 26

cyclobenzaprine (flexeril)

Question 27

primary inhibitory neurotransmitter of the brain, and it serves to modulate CNS activity by inhibiting overstimulation.

Answer 27

GABA receptor