Lilley Ch 12 (CNS depressants and muscle relaxants) Flashcards
CNS depressant: causes sleep, more potent than sedative
hypnotic
3 main groups of sedative-hypnotics
- barbiturates
- benzodiazepines
- misc. drugs
2 classifications of benzodiazepines
sedative-hypnotic
anxiolytic
3 examples of miscellaneous drugs that are sedative-hypnotics
ramelteon
belsomra
hetlioz
excessive REM sleep following discontinuation of a sleep-altering drug.
REM rebound
drug-induced reduction of REM sleep time
REM interference
benzodiazepines that are most commonly abused (7)
klonopin xanax librium valium ativan restoril halcion
type of sedative-hypnotic: CNS depressant, GABA receptors, promote relaxation and anxiety relief, treats seizures and alcohol withdrawal
benzodiazepines
antidote for benzodiazepine toxicity
flumazenil
two herbal interactions with benzodiazepines
kava
valerian
3 benzodiazepine examples
diazepam
midazolam (versed)
temazepam (restoril)
3 nonbenzodiazepine examples
lunesta
ramelteon
ambien
functioning while sleeping
somnoambulation
orexin receptor antagonist that promotes sleep
belsomra
type of drug: highly habit forming, low therapeutic index, site of action = brainstem
barbiturates
4 groups of barbiturates
- ultrashort acting
- short acting
- intermediate acting
- long acting (ex: phenobarbitorl)
adverse effects of barbiturates on cardiovascular system
vasodilation
hypertension
adverse effects of barbiturates on CNS
drowsiness
lethargy
vertigo
adverse effects of barbiturates on respiratory system
respiratory depression
cough
adverse effects of barbiturates on GI system
nausea
vomiting
diarrhea
constipation
adverse effects of barbiturates on hematologic system
agranulocytosis
thrombocytopenia
(2) barbiturate: used to prevent seizures
nembutal
phenobarbital
Act to relieve pain associated with skeletal muscle spasms
muscle relaxants
common muscle relaxants
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