Life Of Cells Flashcards
Important functional groups to remember
Aldehyde, hydroxyl, keto
Types of configurations if there is a double bond
Trans and cis
What are the 5 chemical reactions of life
Redox reactions, making and breaking c to c bonds, internal rearrangements, group transfers, condensation and hydrolysis reactions
What happens when lots of monomers are linked together
All monomers if the chain are locked in cyclic form except the monomer which can remain linear (it then forms a reducing end)
What are the pyrimidines
Cytosine, thymine, uracil
Purines
Adenine and guanine
Three classes of lipids
Triacylglycerides, phospholipids, sterols
Examples of hydrophilic molecules
Sugars, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones,
Hydrophobic substances
Fat soluble vitamins, lipids, cholesterols, steroid hormones, oxygen
Micelle
Sphere of phospholipid with hydrophobic part orientated to the centre
Liposomes
Sphere of lipid bilateral outer shell and a hollow core
Chylomicron
Liposome with protein embedded in the shell and lipid stored in the core
What are buffers
Weak acids and bases as they only partially dissociate. These maintain constant ph within cells
What buffer system is important in blood
Bicarbonate buffer system in plasma
What is Henderson hasselbach equation
Used to calculate how the pH of a physiological solution will respond to changes in either the conjugate acid or base
pH alpha [buffer] over [H-buffer]
The more buffer u have the more pH goes up, the more Hbuffer u have the more the pH goes down
