Adverse drug reactions Flashcards
what is an adverse drug reaction
an appreciably harmful or unpleasant reaction, resulting from an intervention related to the use of drugs
onset types
acute (within 60 mins), subacute (1-24 hours), latent (more than 2 days)
type A reactions
most common, normal but augmented response to the pharmacological actions of a drug, predictable and dose dependent. Due to excess pharmacological action, pharmacokinetic variation and pharmacodynamic variation. easily reversible
two types of type A ADRs
augmentation of the primary effect. secondary effects
type B reactions
bizarre, unpredictable, rare, serious, unrelated to dose, hard to reverse, more common with macromolecules, more common with patients of asthma or eczema, more common with HLA status , can be idiosyncratic or due to drug allergy or hypersensitivity, pharmacogenetics
type C reactions
chronic long term effects, semi predictable, related to duration as well as dose
type D reactions
delayed effects, time related reactions ie due to prolonged use of drug, teratogenesis, carcinogenesis
type E
end of treatment, rebound phenomena
type F
failure of therapy
surveillance methods
anecdotal reporting, voluntary reporting to the committee on safety of medicines, intensive event recording, cohort studies, case control studies, population stats, record linkage
