Lesson 9, Chapter 5

Question 1

Allergy

Answer 1

The reaction of immune system cells to substances that aren’t pathogens and that don’t bother most people

Question 2

Allergen

Answer 2

The substances that cause an allergic reaction

Question 3

Histamine

Answer 3

A chemical released by basophils and mast cells that causes inflammation

Question 4

Anaphylactic shock

Answer 4

A life-threatening allergic reaction

Question 5

EpiPen

Answer 5

A device that delivers epinephrine to stop a serious allergic reaction

Question 6

IgE Molecule

Answer 6

A type of antibody that gets activated during an allergic reaction

Question 7

Autoimmune disease

Answer 7

A disease where the body attacks and destroys its own cells

Question 8

Immunogenic

Answer 8

Cells that trigger an autoimmune response.

Question 9

Sympathetic ophthalmia

Answer 9

An autoimmune reaction to cells of the eyes that get forced outside of them due to trauma.

Question 10

Contact dermatitis

Answer 10

An allergic reaction of skin when its exposed to certain substances.

Question 11

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Answer 11

An autoimmune disorder that can cause inflammation and tissue destruction in many different organs.

Question 12

Encephalitis

Answer 12

Inflammation of the brain.

Question 13

Regulatory T-cells; specific suppressor T-cells

Answer 13

A type of T-cell that is supposed to prevent autoimmune reactions.

Question 14

Immune deficiencies

Answer 14

Disorders where the body doesn’t respond effectively to pathogens.

Question 15

Inherited immune deficiencies

Answer 15

Immune deficiency disorders that are caused by genes inherited from parents.

Question 16

Acquired immune deficiencies

Answer 16

Immune deficiencies caused by an infection.

Question 17

Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)

Answer 17

The best-known inherited immune deficiency; caused by a missing enzyme important for the development of T-cells.

Question 18

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Answer 18

The virus that can lead to AIDS.

Question 19

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

Answer 19

A disease caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Question 20

Latent infection

Answer 20

An infection that is not active.

Question 21

Antiretroviral drugs

Answer 21

Drugs that interfere with a virus’s life cycle.

Question 22

Contagious

Answer 22

Can spread a disease to others.

Question 23

Blood borne pathogens

Answer 23

Pathogens that live in the blood.

Question 24

Hepatitis B and C

Answer 24

Viral illnesses that attack the liver.

Question 25

Prophylactic drugs

Answer 25

Drugs given to prevent infection.

Question 26

Condoms

Answer 26

A sheath worn on a penis.

Question 27

COVID-19

Answer 27

A coronavirus that causes a viral illness that may be mild or fatal.

Question 28

Cytokines

Answer 28

Proteins found in the bloodstream that are produced by helper T-cells and macrophages in response to an infection.

Question 29

Cytokine storm

Answer 29

A condition where too many cytokines are produced, damaging the body.

Question 30

Sepsis

Answer 30

Organ damage due to a life-threatening overreaction of the immune system.