Lesson 5, Chapter 4

Question 1

Diaphysis

Answer 1

The shaft of a long bone

Question 2

Compact bone

Answer 2

Bone which is very dense and composed of osteons

Question 3

Medullary cavity

Answer 3

The cavity inside the diaphysis

Question 4

Epiphyses

Answer 4

The ends of long bones

Question 5

Spongy or Cancellous bone

Answer 5

A type of bone that has many small spaces and a lattice-like appearance

Question 6

Epiphyseal plates

Answer 6

The areas of a growing long bone that connect the diaphysis to the epiphyses

Question 7

Epiphyseal line

Answer 7

The line that shows the sealing of an epiphyseal plate in a bone that is done growing

Question 8

Periosteum

Answer 8

A tough connective tissue that covers the outside of a bone

Question 9

Ligaments

Answer 9

Structures that attach bones to each other

Question 10

Tendons

Answer 10

Structures that attach muscles to bones

Question 11

Extracellular material

Answer 11

Material found outside cells

Question 12

Osteogenic cells

Answer 12

Immature bone cells that become osteoblasts

Question 13

Osteoblasts

Answer 13

Bone-forming cells that produce the bone matrix

Question 14

Bone matrix

Answer 14

All nonliving bone tissue

Question 15

Osteocytes

Answer 15

Cells that were originally osteoblasts; help maintain the health of bone tissue

Question 16

Osteoclasts

Answer 16

Bone cells that break down bone and put its minerals into the bloodstream

Question 17

Collagen fibers

Answer 17

Protein fibers found in bone tissue that gives bones strength and some flexibiltiy

Question 18

Hydroxyapatite

Answer 18

A compound that makes up most of the bone matrix; contains calcium, phosphorous, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms

Question 19

Trabeculae

Answer 19

Struts of bone found in cancellous bone

Question 20

Lacuna

Answer 20

Spaces in bone tissue where osteocytes live

Question 21

Canaliculi

Answer 21

Extensions of osteocytes that allow them to communicate with each other

Question 22

Osteons

Answer 22

Cylinders of bone tissue found in compact bone tissue

Question 23

Central canal

Answer 23

A canal that runs down the middle of an osteon; contains nerves and blood vessels

Question 24

Leucopoiesis

Answer 24

The formation of white blood cells in red bone marrow

Question 25

Erythropoiesis

Answer 25

The formation of red blood cells in red bone marrow

Question 26

Thrombopoiesiis

Answer 26

The formation of platelets in red bone marrow

Question 27

Erythropoietin

Answer 27

A hormone produced by the kidneys that travels to red bone marrow, stimulating the production of red blood cells