Lesson 5, Chapter 4 Flashcards
Diaphysis
The shaft of a long bone
Compact bone
Bone which is very dense and composed of osteons
Medullary cavity
The cavity inside the diaphysis
Epiphyses
The ends of long bones
Spongy or Cancellous bone
A type of bone that has many small spaces and a lattice-like appearance
Epiphyseal plates
The areas of a growing long bone that connect the diaphysis to the epiphyses
Epiphyseal line
The line that shows the sealing of an epiphyseal plate in a bone that is done growing
Periosteum
A tough connective tissue that covers the outside of a bone
Ligaments
Structures that attach bones to each other
Tendons
Structures that attach muscles to bones
Extracellular material
Material found outside cells
Osteogenic cells
Immature bone cells that become osteoblasts
Osteoblasts
Bone-forming cells that produce the bone matrix
Bone matrix
All nonliving bone tissue
Osteocytes
Cells that were originally osteoblasts; help maintain the health of bone tissue
Osteoclasts
Bone cells that break down bone and put its minerals into the bloodstream
Collagen fibers
Protein fibers found in bone tissue that gives bones strength and some flexibiltiy
Hydroxyapatite
A compound that makes up most of the bone matrix; contains calcium, phosphorous, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms
Trabeculae
Struts of bone found in cancellous bone
Lacuna
Spaces in bone tissue where osteocytes live
Canaliculi
Extensions of osteocytes that allow them to communicate with each other
Osteons
Cylinders of bone tissue found in compact bone tissue
Central canal
A canal that runs down the middle of an osteon; contains nerves and blood vessels
Leucopoiesis
The formation of white blood cells in red bone marrow
