Lesson 3, Chapter 3

Question 1

Sex cells

Answer 1

Sperm and egg cells.

Question 2

Gametes

Answer 2

Another name for sex cells.

Question 3

Meiosis

Answer 3

The type of division that allows sperm and egg cells to have the correct number of chromosomes.

Question 4

Somatic cells

Answer 4

All cells in the body that are not sperm or egg cells.

Question 5

Corresponding genes

Answer 5

Genes on paired chromosomes that carry the code for a particular trait.

Question 6

Sex chromosomes

Answer 6

The 23rd pair of chromosomes in humans.

Question 7

Spermatogenesis

Answer 7

The formation of mature sperm cells in males.

Question 8

Oogenesis

Answer 8

The formation of egg cells in females.

Question 9

Polar body

Answer 9

The structure that contains the extra chromosomes kicked out by a female egg cell undergoing meiosis.

Question 10

Diploid (2n) cells

Answer 10

Cells that have 23 pairs of chromosomes.

Question 11

Haploid (1n) cells

Answer 11

Cells that have 23 single chromosomes.

Changes in ploidy The pattern of 2n cells becoming 1n cells to create a single 2n cell.

Question 12

Genetic recombination

Answer 12

The swapping of sections of genetic material between two homologous chromosomes.

Question 13

Spermatogonia

Answer 13

The most immature cell in the process of sperm formation.

Question 14

Primary spermatocyte

Answer 14

The male sex cell after the first cell division.

Question 15

Secondary spermatocyte

Answer 15

The male sex cell after the second cell division.

Question 16

Spermatid

Answer 16

One of four immature sperm cells created from an original spermatocyte.