Lesson 9, Chapter 4

Question 1

Antigens

Answer 1

Molecules on a cell’s membrane that identifies the cell.

Question 2

Immunological response

Answer 2

The response of white blood cells when they recognize that an antigen belongs to a pathogen that needs to be destroyed.

Question 3

Acquired immunity

Answer 3

Immunity you develop because you have been exposed to a specific pathogen.

Question 4

Humoral immunity

Answer 4

A type of acquired immunity that involves the production of antibodies by B-cells.

Question 5

Antibodies

Answer 5

Proteins that are secreted by B-cells and cause the destruction of pathogens.

Question 6

B-cell

Answer 6

The type of lymphocyte that makes antibodies.

Question 7

Lymphoblast

Answer 7

A cell which differentiates into plasma B-cells and memory B-cells.

Question 8

Plasma B-cells

Answer 8

B-cells that make antibodies to fight against pathogens.

Question 9

Differentiates

Answer 9

Becomes more specialized.

Question 10

Memory B-cells

Answer 10

B cells that will remember a pathogen if it invades your body again.

Question 11

Antigen binding site

Answer 11

The site on an antibody that binds to a specific antigen.

Question 12

Antigen-antibody complex

Answer 12

A complex formed of an antibody bound to an antigen.

Question 13

Toxin

Answer 13

Poison

Question 14

Plasma proteins

Answer 14

Proteins found in the blood.

Question 15

Complement

Answer 15

A group of plasma proteins activated by some antibodies.

Question 16

Agglutination

Answer 16

The clumping together of pathogens.

Question 17

Neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages

Answer 17

White blood cells that can phagocytize pathogens.

Question 18

Cell-mediated immunity

Answer 18

A type of acquired immunity that uses T-cells.

Question 19

MHC proteins

Answer 19

Substances created by a cell infected with a bacterium or virus.

Question 20

Effector T-cells

Answer 20

T-cells that destroy infected cells.

Question 21

Memory T-cells

Answer 21

T-cells that remember a pathogen the next time it invades your body.

Question 22

Cytotoxic T-cells

Answer 22

Effector T-cells that directly destroy infected cells by puncturing their membranes.

Question 23

Helper T-cells Effector

Answer 23

T-cells that stimulate the production of B-cells and more cytotoxic T-cells.

Question 24

Delayed hypersensitivity T-cells

Answer 24

Effector T-cells that stimulate inflammation and attract macrophages.