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GRADE 11 BIOLOGY > LESSON 4: D4 - Prokaryotes > Flashcards

LESSON 4: D4 - Prokaryotes Flashcards

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1
Q

What Domians that hold organisims are made up of prokaryotic cells?

A

Domain Bacteria and Archaea

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2
Q

Do Prokaryotes have membrane bound organelles?

A

No

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3
Q

What are the similarites of prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

A

-Have DNA
-Have ribosomes
-Have cytoplasma
-Have cell membrane

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4
Q

What are the differences of prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

A

-More complex (Eukaryotes)

  • Eukaryotes are larger

-Eukaryotes have a nucules

-Prokaryotes have a cell wall

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5
Q

Can prokaryotes live anywhere?

A

Yes

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6
Q

Why are porkaryotes hard to collect?

A

Because of the extreme enviroments they live in

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7
Q

Why are Prokaryotes important?

A

-Involved in nutirent cycling
-Production of vitamins
-Commerical uses (i.e yougurts, cheese, anti-bodies)

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8
Q

How many seperate groups does Eubacteria (Bacteria) have and how many are important?

A

It has more than 12 seperate groups amd 6 are considrd important

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9
Q

What are the general charcters of Bacteria?

A
  • Cell wall
  • Cell membrane
    -Cytoplasma
    -Ribosomes
    -Often has a pili or flagelle for movment (looks like a tail)
    -Single looped
    chromosome(found in the nucleoid)
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10
Q

What is often found in the cytoplasma of bacteria?

A

Plasmids

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11
Q

What are plasmids?

A
  • small loop of DNA with additonal genes
  • Not essential genes but can be helpful
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12
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Sometimes bacteria can be surrounded by a sticy capsule (barrier)

A

TRUE
(Helps prevent water loss, resist temperatures and keep out antibiotic viruses)

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13
Q

Round shaped bacteria name?

A

Coccus

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14
Q

Rod shaped bacteria name?

A

Bacillus

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15
Q

Spiral shaped bacteria name?

A

Spirilla

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16
Q

Bacteria that comes in pairs are called?

A

Diplo

17
Q

Bacteria in chains are called?

A

Strepto

18
Q

Bacteria in clusters are called?

A

Staphilo

19
Q

TRUE OR FALSE
Some bacteria are autotrophs and some hetrotrophs?

A

TRUE

20
Q

What process do bacteria go through in order to multiply?

A

Binary fissions

21
Q

Why is it important to finish off anti-biotics that have been prescribed for a certain duration of use?

A
  • One can become anti-botic resistant
  • Remaing bacteria will remember the medication and fight it off

-If the illness was to occur aagain then it wouldn’t work agaisnt the illness

22
Q

What do Marcophage do in our immune system?

A
  • They swallow bacteria and trap it in its membrane

-Bacteria is broken down by enzyems and is killed

-Cause inflimation so that fughting off the infection is easier

23
Q

What Neutrophils do in our immune system?

A
  • Come into play when Marcophage is in distress

-Very reckless and kill eveything, including healhty cells

  • Generate barriers that kill and trap bacteria

-Kill themselves after a while

24
Q

What does the Dendritic cell do for our immune system?

A
  • Takes parts of the intruder and presents parts on outer layer

-From there decides if it wants anti-virus forces or bacteria forces (we will use bacteria in this example)

25
Q

What do Anit-bacterial cells do in the immune system?

A

-Anti bacterial cells move to lymp nodes

-Helper T cells are activated and find a match with the dendrtitic cells outer kayer parts, helper T cells then duplicate , some become memory T cells

26
Q

What do B cells do in the immune system?

A
  • Replicate rapdily and work hard to fight agaisnt bacteria
  • Die from exhsuation
  • B cells produce anti-bodies which bind to the surface of teh intruder
27
Q

What is E.coli

A
  • There are harmless strains that are found in our guts

-Harmful strains can cause infections, serious urinary probelms which can be caused by food poisoing

28
Q

What is Shigella dysenteriae?

A
  • Stomach ache
  • High contaigous

-fever,cramos, diarrehea

29
Q

What is unquie about Archeaea’s buildup

A
  • Unique gentic code
  • Cell wall and memebrane have unquie chemical makeup
30
Q

Similarties between bacteria and archaea?

A

-Unicelluar
-Prokaryotic
-Gentic material
-Ribosomes
-Cytoplasma
-Can be autotrophs and hetrotrops

-Binary fissions

31
Q

Differences between bacteria and archaea?

A
  • Membrane structure. Archea have a monolipid layer instead of a bilid layer
  • Has unique cell wall. They do not have pipdoglycan

-Some differences in gentics (i.e entry points)

32
Q
A
33
Q
A

GRADE 11 BIOLOGY (43 decks)

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