G11 - The Genome

Question 1

What was the goal of the HGP

Answer 1

To complete 3 billion nitrogenous base sequences of human DNA
-Celera Genomic also contributed to the project

Question 2

How much of the human genome accoutns for coding DNA

Answer 2

2%
-means 98% is non-coding DNA (aka junk)

Question 3

How has sequenceing the genome been benifical

Answer 3

Once the genome was sequenced, research could be conducted to isolate genes and determining their function
This area of research is called functional genomics
For example, the fact that we have identified genes that are a sign of increased risk for diseases like cancer are a product of functional genomics

Question 4

DNA identification

Answer 4

-Take someones blood sample and profile their DNA
-Can screen for gentic disorders such as huntingtons disease
-Preformed through taking a sample of blood

Question 5

DNA Fingerprinting & DNA Data Bank

Answer 5

-Can be used in legal system for crimes

Question 6

Restriction enzymes

Answer 6

Type of enzyme that has the capability to cut DNA at specific locations on the genome , there are multiple variations of restriction enzymes that each cut at different sites, in simplistic terms they are like chemical scissors that can cut DNA at specific sequences, this tool is a vital part in the formation of recombinant DNA
Key in genetic engineering and gene therapy.
Used in DNA fingerprinting for forensic purposes.

Question 7

Products of Genetic Engineering

Answer 7

Spider Silk

The method of genetic engineering varies on where the DNA is taken and where it will be placed
Scientists estimate that spider silk is at least 5 times as strong as steel while also being waterproof and stretchy
Spider silk can be used to manufacture such things as biomaterials for the aerospace industry, strings for tennis racket etc.