E7 - Macroevolution and Human evolution

Question 1

Macroevolution

Answer 1

Slow, gradual increases in biodiversity have been punctuated by mass extinctions

Question 2

Gradualism

Answer 2

All large evolutionary changes in species are the result of many small changes in species over time that accumulate
Appear very similar to ancestor

Question 3

Punctuated Equilibrium

Answer 3

Overall, evolution is slow but is occasionally punctuated by periods of rapid change; rapid spurts of change are followed by long periods of little or no change
New species evolve rapidly, often in small isolated populations.

Question 4

Phylogeny

Answer 4

evolutionary relationship between different groups of species of organisms.

Question 5

Cladograms

Answer 5

show the phylogeny of groups of organisms.

Question 6

Human Evolution

Answer 6

Primates are a small group of mammals
Large brains relative to body size
Forward-directed eyes
Flexible hands and feet
Arms that can fully rotate
Many have opposable thumbs
Most have tails

Question 7

Migration Routes

Answer 7

All early hominids (e.g. hominidae family) evolved and lived in Africa.
H. erectus, H. neanderthalensis and H. sapiens all migrated at different times in history

Question 8

DNA remnants

Answer 8

DNA sequencing of Neanderthal bones have found there are small sequences of Neanderthal DNA found in some populations of modern humans

Question 9

Homo erectus -

Answer 9

upright man

Question 10

Cultural evolution influence Biological evolution

Answer 10

-EX: SINCE WE HAVE MAKRETS WE HAVE EVOLVED TO LOSE CERTAIN TRAITS

Question 11

cladistics

Answer 11

a method of determining
evolutionary relationships based on the
presence or absence of recently
evolved traits

Question 12

derived trait

Answer 12

a trait that has evolved
relatively recently with respect to the
species or groups being discussed

Question 13

synapomorphy

Answer 13

a derived trait shared by
two or more species or groups