LESSON 2: G2 - Asexual Reproduction Flashcards
How does cell divsion occur?
almost always occurs via cell division, or mitosis
Methods of asexual reproduction?
-Budding (new individual develops from an outgrowth on the body of an organism)
-Fragmentation (Piece of parent organism developes into mature indivdual)
- Mitosis
TRUE OR FALSE: Mitosis makes sperm and egg cells
FALSE
Steps in mitosis
Interphase/ Growth phase (G1, S, G2)
- Prophase
-Metaphase
-Anaphase
-Telophase
Cyotokensis
Interphase/ Growth phase
Most of the cell’s life is spent in this stage
Cell grows to nearly twice in size
Nucleus makes a copy of its DNA
Organelles are also replicated
G1
-G1 phase is a cell growth phase
S phase
-S phase is DNA replication/synthesis
G2 phase
-G2 phase is another cell growth phase
Prophase
- Chromatin (DNA) condenses into chromosomes
- Centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell
- Spindle fibers form from the centrioles
Nuclear membrane dissolves
Metaphase
- Spindle fibers attach to centromeres
- Chromosomes align along the equatorial plate
-Equatorial plate is like the equator of the cell
Anaphase
Spindle fibers shorten
Centromere splits and pulls chromatids to opposite ends of the cell
Telophase
-Chromosomes relax into chromatin
-Nuclear membrane reappears
–>Two new nuclei are formed
-Spindle fibers disappear
Cytokinesis
Not a true part of mitosis
During cytokinesis, the cytoplasm divides
In animal cells, cleavage furrows are formed.
In plant cells, cell plates are formed
Mitotic spindles:
spindle fibres
Kinetochore
protein over centromere that spindle fibres attach to
