Lecture - Resp (Bevin Physiol 1)

Question 1

What are the 5 steps of respiration?

-how does each step happen? Like is it bulk flow or diffusion?

Answer 1

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Question 2

1. What is Dalton’s law of partial pressures?
2. How do you calculate F(gas)?
3. What is P(total)?
   - what’s the usual number?

Answer 2

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Question 3

1. When you get into the trachea, what reduces the PO2 from the partial pressure that’s in the environment?
2. Why does this reduce?

Answer 3

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Question 4

Reproduce the graph of PO2 (mmHg) vs Atmosphere —-> Mitochondria including the following:

• atmosphere (what equation to use for Dalton?)
• airways (how has Dalton’s law changed?)
• alveoli
• capilliaries
• arteries
• venins

(have a rough idea of the numbers too - on slide 14)

Answer 4

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Question 5

So you know how we considered ventilation as a series of 5 steps with step 1 being ventilation?

1. Yeah so how do you calculate pulmonary ventilation? What does each variable in this stand for?
2. Buuuuut does all the inspired air reach the alveloi? So how will that equation change?
3. So alveolar ventilation: measures the ____ of fresh gases into and out of the _____ during a particular time

Basically all this is that with pulmonary ventilation, you’ll measure what’s going into and out of them in general and with alveolar ventilation, you measure what’s going into and out of their alveoli

4. Now that you know the difference between the pul and alv ventilation, can you tell me about the colloquial term of someone hyperventialting?

Answer 5

4. People think hyperventilate means you are breathing fast but actually, you are breathing really deeply and slowly and getting heaps into your alveoli (you are hypobreathing). If you breathe heaps and shallow, you are hyperbreathing but hypoentialting

Question 6

You know that air moves from an area of high pressure to low pressure so what does that mean about the P(B) and P(A) during inspiration and Expiration

Answer 6

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Question 7

What is Boyle’s law (go to slide 24)

Answer 7

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Question 8

Now talking about the second step - gas exchange

1. What is Fick’s Law of Diffusion? How does this explain the gas exchange through membranes?
2. What are the two pulmonary diseases where the gas transfer capacity may be impaired and what are examples? (like, think about the variables that can be changed in Fick’s Law)

Answer 8

1. It explains it because F is flux, I think? How much passes and it depends on factors like area, thickness, diffusion constant and the pressure difference between the two sides

Question 9

What are the five mechanisms of arterial hypoxemia?

Answer 9

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Question 10

1. How is O2 carried in the blood?
   - what is O2 capacity? How do you calculate it?
2. How is CO2 carried in the blood?

Answer 10

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Question 11

Okay now talking about the control of the respiratory system - what three things are in the triangle?

Answer 11

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