Lecture - MSK (Axilla, Arm and Elbow)

Question 1

1. What is the axilla?
2. What’s on the four walls and the base? What about apex?

3.

Answer 1

Question 2

After the pectoralis minor and major, what vein do you get? Label this

Answer 2

Question 3

This is the lateral aspect of axilla - label the three stickies

Answer 3

Pec major, minor and axillary vein respectively

Question 4

Looking at this, what can you tell me about the axillary artery?

Answer 4

Axillary artery runs through the axillary region and it is a direct continuation of subclavian artery and becomes brachial artery after it leaves the axillary region. If you bleed from this, you can die

Question 5

Brachial vessels:

1. Subclavian artery brahches off what on the left and right side?
2. What does the subclavian artery become once it passes the first rib?
3. When does the axillary artery become the brachial artery?
4. Upper limb is drained by what?

Answer 5

Question 6

What three parts does the axillary artery have?

Answer 6

Question 7

What is the name and contents of each space?

Answer 7

Sticky #1: Quad because 4 borders =

Through this opening, the anxillary nerve and post circum art comes through

If break humerus at cullum then this artery can become disrupted so loss of sensory and motor function

Axillary nerve provides motor fibres to delatoid muscle and can identify this

Sticky #2: This art perforates through

Sticky #3: All extensors of arm (radial nerve) and profunda = deep

Question 8

Brachial plexus - nerve supply of the upper limb (provides nerve supply to entire upper extremity

1. Roots formed by what rami of spinal nerves? What are the spinal nerves in brachial plexus?
2. What do the roots combine to make?
3. What do the trunks divide into? (3)
4. What do the divisions dividde and combine into?
5. What do the cords divide and combine into? (5 of them)
6. Even at level of trunks, or divisions or cords, you already have certain nerves branching off to supply what?
7. What is the axillary artery like?

Answer 8

6. Supply motor and sensory in shoulder region
7. Like a guiding rod for the brachial plexus to develop

Question 9

Answer 9

Question 10

Answer 10

Question 11

Elbow joint:

1. What sort of joint is it? What are the two joints in the elbow joint?
2. What two movements can those two joints do?
3. What three joints does the joint capsule contain?

Answer 11

Question 12

Elbow joint ctnd:

1. Little finger - is it medial or lateral? What about thumb? So if you follow them up the the arm, you’ll find the medial and lateral side
2. Label this
3. Where is the annular ligament?
4. Where does the coronoid process sit?

Answer 12

3. Neck - pink circle
4. In the fossa. The trochlea fruther extends into the coronoid fossa

Question 13

Label this

What can you say about the radial collateral and annular ligament?

Answer 13

Radial collateral:

Lateral collateral ligameets

And ulanr collateral ligamnets - offer more alog with capsule for stabllility

Annular ligament:

Wraps around neck of radius

Question 14

What is the heuter trinagle and what does it look like in elbow flexion and extension?

Answer 14

Triangle becomes flat at extension of elbow

Question 15

What are the 5 flexors and 1 extensor at the elbow joint?

Answer 15

• Biceps is a key supinator too
• brachillis is under biceps - these two are at arm
• the bottom three flexors are in the forearm so weak flexing motion but they exist

Question 16

Label

Answer 16

Question 17

Label

Answer 17

Triceps brachii

Anoceneus also provides some extension but rather weak at elbow

Question 18

Lable this

• So the two are strongly connected by the annular ligament but also the dorsal and radial radioulnar ligament
• what is the oblique cord?
• what’s the interosseous membrane?

Answer 18

Oblique cord:

A dense reinforcment of interorsseous - dense fibre running opposite way of key fibres of interosseous membrane

Usually fibres run from radius distally and medially towards ulanr - the oblique cord is running opposite way

Prevents overpronation or oversupination of radio-ulnar joint so it’s a bit of a stabaliser

Interosseous membrane:

of forearm

Also have this in leg -

In both regions, reinforces stability bw both bones and helps agaisnt dislocation

Also imp for musclualr attachments - some muscles originate from this memebrane

Question 19

What are the movements you can do at radioulnar jonts?

Answer 19

That red line is the axis that runs connects the head of the radius to the head of the ulna and it runs through interosseous membrane

Question 20

Label these supinators and pronators of the radio ulnar joint #1:

Answer 20

Supinator is actually a muslce - it wraps around the radius

Question 21

Last one - label this strongest supinator in the elbow joint

Answer 21