Lecture 1 CVS (shock) Flashcards
1
Q
What is the definition of shock? Like, it’s obviously not just about low BP
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2
Q
What are the three classifications of shock? And what component of BP do they relate to and why?
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3
Q
Hypovolaemic:
- Decreased what?
- What can cause a decreased volume - external vs internal
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4
Q
Distributive:
- What is this? So ____ > ______
- What are the three types of shock? Explain them and their effects.
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5
Q
Cardiogenic:
- What out of TPR, SV, HR or like CO is this?
- What two causes could it be due to?
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6
Q
For hypovolaemic shock:
Go read and understand the table for this in the handout
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7
Q
BP is important
- What does it drive? It supplies O2 and removes CO2
- BP fluctuates but what is monitored and kept constant?
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8
Q
- What are the two equations you neeeeeeeed to know?
2. What monitors MABP?
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9
Q
Baroreceptors:
- What are they and stimulated by what?
- Where are they located?
- Send constant signal to where?
- If there is an alteration in MABP then you’ll…….what?
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10
Q
Baroreceptor reflexes:
- So if you alter MABP, you’ll alter signals to the centres in the brainstem. So reflex outputs from the CVS centres in the brainstem will come down via what?
- What do the reflexes constantly adjust to maintain MABP?
- But if you have a significant problem with determinants of MABP (i.e. CO and TPR) then reflexes may not…..?
- What will the persistent hypotension lead to?
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11
Q
Haemorrhage and hypotension:
- Changes in blood volume can have a profound effect on MABP - what will haemorrhage rapidly lead to? What’s the flowchart for this?
- What are the homeostatic reflexes to minimise the fall? Immediate, intermediate and long term? Explain each of them in detail
(immediate: 4 signals and 4 responses and 2 overall things that happen to increase arterial pressure)
(Intermediate is autotransfusion - what’s the process? )
(Long term is volume replacement so what happens to do that? 3 things)
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