Lecture 2 Infection and immunity

Question 1

Define these:

1. Pathogen
2. Pathogenicity
3. Virulence
4. Virulence factors

Answer 1

-

Question 2

Low virulence microbes are o____ p_____ - why?

High virulence microbes are o____ p____ - why?

Answer 2

-

Question 3

What are the three layers of protection under “host defences”
-five in each

What can disrupt these barriers?

Answer 3

-

Question 4

What is microbiome?
Where do they exist?
What about other body sites?

Answer 4

-

Question 5

Disease is a multifactorial process - what three factors?

Read slide 10

Answer 5

-

Question 6

For pathogenesis (the mechanism which leads to disease), you need a susceptible host. What are three ways you can become susceptible?

Answer 6

-

Question 7

Read slide 17/18 for info

Answer 7

-

Question 8

Influenza A - HA and NA, what are they?

Answer 8

-

Question 9

What is antigenic variation - shift and drift?

Answer 9

Another imp virulence mechanism in influenza A infections is antigenic variation (and used by diff pathogens)

Question 10

Virulence is always evolving - they take up genetic material etc/ What is antimicrobial resistance and how does it help virulence evolve

Answer 10

-