Lecture 1 Pharmacology Flashcards
What are the four stages of pharmacokinetics?
All these factors are important in determining the….
ABCD
What is MTC and MEC and what is the area in b/w them called?
What is the effective duration of action?
-
What is AUC?
-
What are the two routes of drug administration?
-
Discuss the overall advantages and disadvantages of enteral delivery through oral, sublingual and rectal
-
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages with parenteral delivery through IV/IA, IM, subcutaneous and inhalation
-
- What is bioavailability?
- What four things is it dependent on?
- 5 What is first pass metabolism?
- What is F (bioavailability) for IV drug?
- What about F for an oral drug?
-
What does the transport of drug across the GIT, BBB and Renal cell membrane depend on?
Transport processes determine \_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_ and rate of \_\_\_\_\_ to site of action ie Transport processes impact on: \_\_\_\_\_, \_\_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_\_\_
The chemical property of the drug.
What can too rapid abs result in and what can too slow abs result in?
-
What other properties of the drug also affect bioavailability? (3)
What can you say about the ionisation of drugs? Is the ionised drug more lipid soluble? So is the ionised abs or the non-ionised form absorbed? What two values is the solubility depended on? Are strong acids/bases usually non-ionised?
It’s usually the non-ionised drugs that are absorbed
Clearance - it’s a rate of removal of drug from plasma. Say that technically.
What are drugs mainly cleared through?
What is Cl crucially important in determining?
Volume of plasma cleared of drug/unit time
- Metabolic processes mainly in lover
2 Renal clearance of active drug
Determining the maintenance dose-rate to produce a constant Cp (drug plasma conc)
- What is drug clearance inversely related to?
- What’s the formula?
- What is Tmax?
- What kinetics does the elimination pathway follow?
-
- Half life provides a measure of ____ _____ and is important in determining the _____ ______
- Half life determines ______ ___ _____ after a single dose and determines the time to reach ______ in chronic dosing
- What is half life?
- Then we measure the time when there is only half conc left (half of drug is elimianted). If you were to dose a pateint repeatedly, you don’t want to put more drug within half life range, If you don’t dose regularly enough then fail too.
- Once absorbed into the circulation the drug is transported into ____ and ____ _____.
Some drug will be retained in the ____ - What is the rate of drug distribution dependent on? (2)
- What is the extent pf drug distribution dependent on? (2)
- Do plasma and tissue protein binding have any real impact on distribution?
- What can you say about free drug and it’s proportionality with extent annnnd it’s clearance? What is free drug conc at site dependent on?
-
Volume of drug distribution:
- What does it mean?
- What is the formula and units?
- Do lipophylic drugs have a larger vd than hydrophilic? And when is Vd clinically useful?
- How do you measure Vd?
-
