Lecture 1 Blood

Question 1

Blood provides a mans for sampling body tissues and fluids because? (3)

Answer 1

1. Homogenous
2. In equil with tissues
3. Shows reactive responses in disease states e.g. can find difference in blood cells, plasma proteins etc

Question 2

Morphology of cells in the normal blood film:

1. Red cells are relatively uniform in size but they do vary in size a little and that’s normal - true or false?
2. Up to what percent of red cells may be oval or have a bizzare shape?
3. Central pale zone occupies up to what red cell diameter?
4. What do platelets look like: cytoplasm, central granules colour

Answer 2

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Question 3

What are reticulocytes? Do they get seen with a normal stain?

Answer 3

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Question 4

Automated Haematology Analyser:

1. What does it provide?
2. Discrimination is based on what three factors it sees in cells?
3. How does the technology work?
4. Hb conc is measured by what?

Answer 4

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Question 5

What are the 6 parameters the blood examination tells you and what is the order of their importance?

Answer 5

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Question 6

1. What is the reference range?
2. What are factors affecting reference ranges for blood cells? (4)
3. Are you abnormal if you are outside the ref range?

Answer 6

1. It is the range of values present in 95% of health individuals of a specified population for a test

Question 7

1. What is anaemia defined as?

2. It’s a useful clinical concept because it indicates what?

Answer 7

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Question 8

Morphological patterns of anaemia:

1. What three things can you call the cell size?
2. Two cell Hb conc?
3. What does normocytic normochromic anaemia look like under microscope?
4. What about microcytic hypochromic anaemia?
5. What about microcytic anaemia?

Answer 8

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Question 9

1. Iron deficiency causes what type of anaemia? Why? (slide 20)
2. What are its features?
3. What does early response to treatment of iron look like?
4. What’s another cause of microcytic hypo chromic anaemia?

Answer 9

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Question 10

What is the second group of anaemias?

Is it uncommon or common?

What are three important causes?

Answer 10

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Question 11

What is the third group of anaemias?

1. What may they be associated with?
2. What is an important cause?
3. Delayed and _____ maturation in marrow

Answer 11

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Question 12

Leukocyte counting

1. It’s based on photo-optical or other assessment of (4)?

Answer 12

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Question 13

Haemopoiesis:

1. What is it?
2. Where does it happen in fetes, cild and adult?
3. What are the control mechanisms?
4. It’s an integrated process and results in…..differentitation of some…….feedback signals from…..

Answer 13

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Question 14

Erythropoiesis:

1. What is the timeline?
2. What is an erythroblast and what is an erythrocyte?
3. What are key issues with erythroblast?

Answer 14

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Question 15

Haemorrheology:

1. What are the three points here?

Answer 15

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