Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy I > Lecture 43: Male Reproductive Microanatomy > Flashcards

Lecture 43: Male Reproductive Microanatomy Flashcards

1
Q

2 compartments of testis parenchyma

A

seminiferous tubules
interstitial tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

seminiferous tubules: function

A

where spermatogenesis takes place

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

interstitial tissue of testis: function

A

steroidogenesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what cells secrete androgens and where do they do this

A

leydig cells
interstitial tissue of testis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

testis: stroma

A

connective tissue
fills space in between seminiferous tubules
support

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

2 cell types in seminiferous epithelium: seminiferous tubules

A

sertoli cells
germ cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

4 types of germ cells in seminiferous epithelium

A

elongated spermatids
rounded spermatids
spermatocytes
spermatogonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

4 types of germ cells in seminiferous epithelium: rank based on least differentiated to most differentiated

A

least: spermatagonia –> spermatocytes –> rounded spermatids –> elongated spermatids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

location of spermatogonia in seminiferous epithelium

A

most basal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

spermiation

A

release of sperm into lumen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what induces differentiation of spermatogonia

A

growth factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

sertoli cells: 4 functions

A

-provide physical and nutritional support to germ cells
-mediate movement of cells and molecules across epithelium
-phagocytize degenerating germ cells
-secrete molecules into epithelium and interstitial tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

where is the blood-testis barrier located

A

seminiferous epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

blood testis barrier is formed from

A

cell membrane of sertoli cells and tight junctions between adjacent sertoli cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

blood testis barrier: 4 functions

A

create 2 compartments in seminiferous epithelium
protect germ cells from autoimmune response
sequester and secrete proteins, ions and carbs that are required by germ cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

2 compartments created by blood testis barrier

A

adluminal
basal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

2 germ cells contained within adluminal compartment: seminiferous epithelium

A

spermatocytes
spermatids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

2 germ cells contained within basal compartment: seminiferous epithelium

A

spermatogonial stem cells
differentiating spermatogonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

tubular wall of seminiferous tubules: made of

A

laminin
fibronectin
collagen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what 2 cells contribute to forming the basal lamina: seminiferous tubules

A

sertoli
peritubular myoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is found within interstitial tissue of testis (5)

A

leydig cells
blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, nerves, macrophages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

leydig cells

A

synthesize and secrete androgens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

2 steps of spermatogenesis

A

1) spermatocytogenesis
2) spermiogenesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

spermatocytogenesis: process

A

first step of spermatogenesis
undifferentiated stem cell –> spermatogonium –> mitosis –> primary spermatocyte –> meiosis I –> secondary spermatocyte –> meiosis 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

spermiogenesis

A

after meiosis II
meiosis 2 –> early spermatid –> sperm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

excurrent ducts of testis: function

A

carry sperm through fluid to epididymis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

2 components of excurrent ducts

A

-rete testis
-efferent ducts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

rete testis: definition, cell type

A

flattened channels
cuboidal ciliated cells

29
Q

efferent ducts: 2 cell types, function

A

columnar ciliated cells
columnar cells with microvilli
absorb seminiferous fluid

30
Q

tubuli recti of testis: function, epithelium

A

simple, columnar or cuboidal
no germ cells
connect convoluted region of seminiferous tubules to rete testis

31
Q

3 regions of epididymis

A

head
body
tail

32
Q

where does sperm maturation occur in epididymis

A

head and body

33
Q

where does sperm storage take place in epididymis

A

tail

34
Q

2 aspects of sperm maturation

A

forward motility
fertilization

35
Q

CT type in epididymis body

A

fibroelastic

36
Q

how many ducts is epididymis duct

A

1

37
Q

epididymis tail: epithelium

A

pseudostratified columnar

38
Q

epididymis tail: 2 cell types

A

principal
basal

39
Q

function of myenteric plexus in tail of epididymis

A

ejaculation
contraction of smooth muscle

40
Q

where does epididymis carry sperm to

A

ductus deferens

41
Q

ductus deferens: function

A

convey sperm to pelvic urethra

42
Q

ductus deferens: 2 muscle layers

A

longitudinal smooth muscle
circular smooth muscle

43
Q

which accessory sex gland in males is an enlargement of ductus deferens

A

ampullary

44
Q

ampullary glands: function

A

secrete fluid rich in fructose and ergothioneine (antioxidant)

45
Q

ampullary glands: epithelium

A

simple, tall columnar

46
Q

importance of ampullary gland secretion

A

maintain sperm viability

47
Q

corpora arenacea is a result of

A

when ampullary gland secretion becomes calcified

48
Q

function and integrity of ampullary glands are highly dependent on what

A

testicular androgens

49
Q

what happens to ampullary glands if androgens are absent

A

atrophy

50
Q

2 regions of vesicular glands

A

stroma
secretory epithelium

51
Q

vesicular glands: stroma

A

fibroelastic capsule
extends as trabeculae to support secretory epithelium

52
Q

vesicular glands: secretory epithelium

A

simple, tall columnar

53
Q

vesicular glands: secretion (definition and function)

A

alkaline viscid fluid rich in fructose and coagulating proteins
source of energy for sperm –> sperm viability, semen consistency

54
Q

are vesicular glands dependent on androgens

A

yes

55
Q

prostate: stroma

A

fibroelastic capsule that extends as trabeculae

56
Q

prostate: secretory epithelium (and cells)

A

pseudostratified with tall columnar cells and small reserve cells (stem cells)

57
Q

prostate: secretion (definition, function)

A

slightly acid fluid rich in acid phosphatase, citric acid and proteins
semen liquification

58
Q

prostate: concretions

A

condensed secretion
can be calcified

59
Q

which 2 accessory gland’s secretions balance each other

A

vesicular glands = alkaline
prostate = acidic

60
Q

bulbourethral glands: stroma

A

fibrous connective tissue that sends trabeculae
covered by striated muscle on outer surface and smooth muscle on inner surface

61
Q

bulbourethral glands: secretory epithelium

A

simple, columnar

62
Q

bulbourethral glands: secretion (definition, function)

A

clear viscid mucus like fluid
rich in sialoproteins and amino sugars
urethral cleaning and lubrication before ejaculation

63
Q

cryptorchidism

A

absence of differentiating germ cells
undescended testis

64
Q

testicular tumors: 3 types

A

seminoma
sertoli cell tumor
leydig cell tumor

65
Q

seminoma: testicular tumor

A

high presence of germ cells
high nucleus: cytoplasm ratio
round big nuclei

66
Q

leydig cell tumor: testicular tumor

A

high presence of cells with typical leydig cell phenotype

67
Q

sertoli cell tumor: testicular tumor

A

high presence of cells with nuclei of irregular shape
high cytoplasm:nucleus ratio

68
Q

when does sperm become motile

A

after maturation in tail of epididymis

Anatomy I (35 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions