Lecture 36: Pelvis and Perineum I

Question 1

pelvis definition

Answer 1

dorsal, ventral and lateral walls of pelvic cavity

Question 2

perineum definition

Answer 2

caudal wall of pelvic cavity

Question 3

osteology of pelvis: bony pelvis =

Answer 3

2 coxal bones = pelvic girdle
sacrum
3-7 caudal vertebrae (fused)

Question 4

pelvic girdle =

Answer 4

2 coxal bones

Question 5

each coxal bone has _________ bones

Answer 5

3

Question 6

3 bones that make up 1 coxal bone

Answer 6

-ileum
-pubis
-ischium

Question 7

which of the coxal bones is the largest

Answer 7

ileum

Question 8

which of the coxal bones is the smallest

Answer 8

pubis

Question 9

acetabulum =

Answer 9

coxofemoral joint

Question 10

4 joints that contribute to bony pelvis

Answer 10

sacroiliac joint
pelvic symphysis
acetabulum
intervertebral joints (sacral and caudal vertebrae)

Question 11

diarthrosis definition

Answer 11

true joint
movement, synovia, ligaments, articular surface and cartilage

Question 12

amphiarthrosis

Answer 12

semi mobile
limited movement but still have articular cartilage

Question 13

synarthrosis

Answer 13

joint with no movement or elements (no cartilage, etc)
everything is fused via ossification

Question 14

which pelvic joint is a diarthrosis

Answer 14

sacroiliac joint

Question 15

which pelvic joints are an amphiarthrosis

Answer 15

pelvic symphysis
intervertebral joints

Question 16

which pelvic joint is a synarthrosis

Answer 16

acetabulum

Question 17

sacrotuberous ligament dogs vs horses

Answer 17

dogs: inserts into ischial tuber
horses: wider, inserts into ischial spine

Question 18

2 components of caudal vertebrae joints

Answer 18

-intervertebral discs
-connective tissue sheath

Question 19

muscles of pelvic roof

Answer 19

sacrocaudalis ventralis lateralis
sacrocaudalis ventralis medialis

Question 20

2 muscles of lateral wall (pelvic diaphragm)

Answer 20

levator ani
coccygeus

Question 21

muscle of pelvic floor in ungulates

Answer 21

obturator internus

Question 22

why don’t we identify obturator internus is dogs

Answer 22

covered by pelvic diaphragm

Question 23

sacrocaudalis ventralis: innervation and action

Answer 23

caudal spinal nerves
flexion and lateral movements of the tail

Question 24

long depressor of the tail

Answer 24

sacrocaudalis ventralis lateralis

Question 25

short depressor of the tail

Answer 25

sacrocaudalis ventralis medialis

Question 26

3 muscles of levator ani: dogs

Answer 26

iliococcygeus
pubococcygeus
puborectalis

Question 27

levator ani: innervation

Answer 27

caudal rectal and pudendal nerves

Question 28

which 3 muscles flex tail laterally or ventrally

Answer 28

iliococcygeus and pubococcygeus (of levator ani)
coccygeus

Question 29

coccygeus innervation

Answer 29

caudal rectal and pudendal nerves

Question 30

pelvic diaphragm: innervation and action

Answer 30

caudal rectal and pudendal nerves
flex tail laterally or ventrally

Question 31

puborectalis action

Answer 31

reduce partial prolapse of anus at defecation

Question 32

viscera of pelvis

Answer 32

parts of digestive, urinary and reproductive systems

Question 33

4 peritoneal pouches in pelvic cavity

Answer 33

sacrorectal
rectogenital
vesicogential
vesicopubic

Question 34

visceral blood supply of pelvis in dog

Answer 34

internal pudendal artery

Question 35

where does lymph from pelvic viscera drain to

Answer 35

internal iliac node
sacral node

Question 36

what info can we gather with rectal palpation in large animals

Answer 36

-distension and impaction of intestines
-reproductory: pregnancy, ovarian status, integrity of accessory sex glands, prostate

Question 37

what info can we gather with rectal palpation in small animals

Answer 37

-anus and rectum
-reproductory: pathologies in vagina or prostate
-exam bony pelvis