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Anatomy I > Lecture 20: Visceral Nervous System > Flashcards

Lecture 20: Visceral Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

what does the ANS innervate (3)

A

-smooth muscle
-cardiac muscle
-glands

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2
Q

2 branches of visceral nervous system

A

motor=autonomics
-sensory

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3
Q

how many cell bodies are found in somatic NS

A

1

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4
Q

how many cell bodies are found in ANS

A

2 (preganglionic and postganglionic)

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5
Q

where are preganglionic ANS cell bodies found (what system)

A

CNS

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6
Q

where are postganglionic ANS cell bodies found (what division)

A

PNS

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7
Q

2 divisions of sensory system of visceral NS

A

pain
nonpain

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8
Q

which system is the diaphragm apart of and why

A

somatic NS
can choose to breathe (voluntary control)

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9
Q

3 visceral structures present in body wall

A

-sweat and sebaceous glands
-arrector pili muscles
-vasculature

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10
Q

body wall includes what

A

limbs (forepaws, hindpaws) and parts of head and neck

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11
Q

3 distinct pathways of sympathetic NS

A

-to body wall
-to body cavity cranial to abdominal diaphragm
-to body cavity caudal to abdominal diaphragm

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12
Q

lateral horn contains what kind of cell bodies and at what level

A

preganglionic sympathetic cell bodies from T1-L4 spinal cord levels

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13
Q

preganglionic sympathetic pathway

A

lateral horn –> ventral horn –> ventral root –> mixed spinal nerve –> ventral ramus –> white ramus communicans –> paravertebral ganglion –> synapse

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14
Q

what is contained within the paravertebral ganglion

A

postganglionic sympathetic cell bodies

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15
Q

preganglionic and postganglionic sympathetic pathway: epaxial musculature of body wall

A

lateral horn –> ventral horn –> ventral rooot –> mixed nerve –> ventral ramus –> white ramus –> paravertebral ganglion (synapse) –> out gray ramus communicans –> dorsal ramus

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16
Q

preganglionic and postganglionic sympathetic pathway: hypaxial musculature of body wall

A

lateral horn –> ventral horn –> ventral root –> mixed nerve –> ventral ramus –> white ramus –> paravertebral ganglion (synapse) –> out gray ramus communicans –> ventral ramus

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17
Q

preganglionic and postganglionic sympathetic pathway: body cavity cranial to diaphragm

A

lateral horn –> ventral horn –> ventral root –> mixed nerve –> ventral ramus –> white ramus communicans –> paravertebral ganglion –> synapse –> exit via cadiopulmonary splanchnic nerve

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18
Q

preganglionic and postganglionic sympathetic pathway: body cavity caudal to diaphragm

A

ateral horn –> ventral horn –> ventral root –> mixed nerve –> ventral ramus –> white ramus communicans –> paravertebral ganglion –> NO synapse –> exit via abdominopelvic splanchnic nerve

19
Q

preganglionic vs postganglionic cell bodies: locations found

A

-preganglionic T1-L4
postganglionic at every vertebral level (cauda equina)

20
Q

sympathetic chain/trunk

A

line up of all the paravertebral ganglia

21
Q

what levels are white ramus communicans only found and why

A

T1-L4
preganglionic sympathetic axons only enter sympathetic chain from T1-L4

22
Q

places where preganglionic axons (only at T1-L4) can synapse once entering sympathetic chain (4)

A

-paravertebral ganglion at that level
-move cranially in chain
-move caudally in chain
-exit chain without synapse –> synapse in a paravertebral ganglion on aorta

23
Q

are there gray ramus communicans at every level

A

yes

24
Q

why are there gray ramus communicans at every level

A

because postganglionic axons exit the chain at every level

25
Q

cauda equina contains what kind of roots

A

dorsal and ventral

26
Q

structures attached to every paravertebral ganglion at every level (5)

A

-somatic motor cell bodies in ventral horn
-visceral and somatic sensory cell bodies in dorsal root ganglion
-postganglionic sympathetic cell bodies in paravertebral ganglion
-gray ramus communicans
-connection to paravertebral ganglion above and below

27
Q

2 specialized structures attached to every paravertebral ganglion from T1-L4 spinal cord levels

A

-preganglionic sympathetic cell bodies in lateral horn
-white ramus communicans

28
Q

all paravertebral ganglia from T5-T6 are attached to what nerves

A

abdominopelvic splanchnic

29
Q

2 structures missing caudal to L4

A

-no lateral horn (no preganglionic sympathetic cell bodies)
-no white ramus communicans

30
Q

is there any parasympathetic to the body wall

A

no

31
Q

3 parasympathetic pathways

A

-head and neck
-body caudal to neck including only the thorax, foregut and midgut
-body caudal to neck including only hindgut and pelvic viscera

32
Q

where is preganglionic parasympathetic cell body found

A

brain

33
Q

how does preganglionic parasympathetic axon travel to body

A

vagus nerve

34
Q

where do vagus nerve and sympathetic chain separate

A

-cervical ganglion (C5-C6 paravertebral ganglion)

35
Q

where do preganglionic parasympathetic axons synapse

A

on postganglionic cell bodies in ganglia within wall of organ to be innervated

36
Q

where are postganglionic parasympathetic axons contained

A

within organ

37
Q

visceral pain definition

A

damage of visceral structure

38
Q

what pathway does visceral pain follow

A

sympathetic pathway from structure to spinal nerve –> dorsal root ganglion

39
Q

number of cell bodies in sympathetic visceral pain pathway (and where it’s found)

A

1 in dorsal root ganglion

40
Q

nonpain definition/examples

A

sensations like fullness, bloating and cramping
can be pleasant or unpleasant
does not damage structure

41
Q

which pathway does nonpain follow

A

parasympathetic to the brain

42
Q

referred pain is found in what division of PNS

A

visceral sensory

43
Q

referred pain definition

A

pain signals get mixed up because organs in body cavity are associated with same spinal cord levels that body wall structures are associated with

44
Q

heart attack: referred pain

A

-pain in left arm due to similar spinal cord levels
-heart pain: Sensory/afferent cell body –> paravertebral ganglion, no synapse–> white ramus communicans–> ventral ramus –> mixed nerve –> dorsal root ganglion –> dorsal horn –> synapse
-arm pain sensation: mixed communication of visceral pain and somatic pain system

Anatomy I (35 decks)

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