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DAT- BIO > Kingdom Protista > Flashcards

Kingdom Protista Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Eukaryotic Kingdoms

A

Protista
Fungi
Plantae
Animalia

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2
Q

Kingdom Protista

A

Most poorly understood

Used for convenience than to accurately depict evolutionary relationships

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3
Q

Divisions of Kingdom Protistia

A

Algaelike/Plantlike
Funguslike
Aniamllike
Unicellular/ Multicellular

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4
Q

Algaelike

A

Autotrophs
Obatin food via photosynthesis (using chlorophyll a

Euglenoids
Dinoflagellates
Dinoatoms
Brown algae
Rhodophyta
Chlorophyta
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5
Q

Euglenoids

A

Algaelike

1-3 flagella at leading (front) end

Have pellicles instead of cell wall

Can be heterotrophic if no light is present

Have an eyespt that allows phototaxis (moves in response to light)

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6
Q

Pellicles

A

Thin protein layer that wraps around membrane

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7
Q

Dinoflagellates

A

2 flagella (1 posterior, 1 transverse that lays in a groove around it)

Can be bioluminescent

Can produce neurotoxins damaging to humans

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8
Q

Diatoms

A

Unicellular

Have hard shells (tests) made of silica

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9
Q

Brown Algae

A

Multicellular

Flagellated sperm cells

Giant seaweeds/kelp

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10
Q

Rhodophyta

A

Red algae

Contain red pigments (phycobilins)

Multicellular

Gametes do not have flagella

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11
Q

Chlorophyta

A

Green algae

Have Chlorophyll a and b

Cellulose in cell walls

Store carbs as starch

Variety in sexuality (isogamous, anisogamous, oogamous)

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12
Q

Isogamous

A

Sperm and egg same size

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13
Q

Anisogamous

A

Sperm and egg different size

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14
Q

Oogamous

A

Egg large, immobile

Sperm small, mobile

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15
Q

Charophytes

A

Linage of chlorophyta

Ancestor of plants

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16
Q

Animallike (Protozoa)

A

Heterotrophs that consume living cells or dead matter

Rhizopoda
Foraminifera
Apicomplexans
Ciliates

17
Q

Rhizopoda

A

Amoebas

Move by pseudopodia (extension of body, surround food and do phagocytosis)

18
Q

Foraminifera (Forarms)

A

Have shells (tests) made of calcium carbonate

Good indicator of underlying oiil deposit in ancient marine sediments

19
Q

Apicomplexans

A

Parasites of animals

Characterized by apical complex (organelles at front of cell)

No physical means of movement

Form spores that complete its life cycle, sometimes in multiple hosts

i.e. Malaria- Spends part of its life cycle in mosquitos and humans

20
Q

Ciliates

A

Use cilia to move

Most complex cell because of specialized structures (mouth, anal pores, 2 kinds of nuclei, contractile vacuoles..etc)

i..e Paramecium

21
Q

Funguslike

A

Protists that resemble fungi because they form either filaments or spore bearing bodies

Cellular slime molds
Plasmodial slime molds
Oomycota

22
Q

Cellular Slime Molds

A

Spores germinate into amoebas, which feed on bacteria

When food is limited, amoebas all aggregate into a single unit and move as a slug

Individual cells of slug mobilize to form a stalk with a capsule at the top (similar to spore bearing bodies of many fungi

Spores are released, repeat the cycle when they germinate

Aggregation stimulated by cAMP (secreted by amoebas that experience food deprivation

23
Q

Plasmodial Slime Molds

A

Grows as a single, spreading mass (plasmodium), feeding on decaying vegetation

When food is unavailable or environment dries up, stalks bearing spore capsules form

Haploid spores released from capsule germinate into haploid amoeboid or flagellated cells, which fuse to form a diploid cell

Diploid cell grows into spreading plasmodium

24
Q

Oomycota

A

Water molds, downy mildews, white rusts

Either parasites or saprobes (decomposers)

Form filaments (hyphae), which secrete enzymes that digest the surrounding substances

Breakdown products of digestion then absorbed

Filaments lack septa (cross walls), which in many fungi patrician filaments into compartments

Cell walls made of cellulose (not chitin like in fungi)

25
Q

Coenocytic

A

Containing many nuclei within a single cells

Oomycota are coenocytic because of lack of septa

DAT- BIO (41 decks)

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