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DAT- BIO > Kingdom Animalia > Flashcards

Kingdom Animalia Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Commonalities Among Animals

A 
Heterotrophs
Multicellular
Dominantly diploid
Usually motile
Undergo embryonic development
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2
Q

Differences

A 
Body Symmetry
Tissue Complexity
Gastrovascular Cavity
Cephalization
Segmentation
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3
Q

Eumetazoa

A

Have tissue layers that develop into organs

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4
Q

Parazoa

A

Do not have tissue layers or organs

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5
Q

Radial Summetry

A

Circular, only front/bacl or top/bottom

Resemble a pie (cuttig several planes produces identical pieces)

No left or right side (only top and bottom)

i.e starfish

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6
Q

Bilateral Symetry

A

Divides into mirror images halves through the sagittal plane

i..e dorsal, ventral, anterior, posterior sides

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7
Q

Grastrovascular Cavity

A

one opening (sac like)

Two openings (digestive tract)

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8
Q

Coelom

A

Cavity that develops during embryonic development from the mesoderm layer

Acts as a cushion for internal organs

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9
Q

Cephalization

A

Organisms with bilateral symmetry have greater innervation towards head

i.e. brain

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10
Q

Segmentation

A

Segmented body parts, or body parts that repeat

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11
Q

Porifera

A

(i.e. Sponges)

Symmetry: Asymmetrical

Coelom: None

Tissue Organization: Parazoa (organisms with no true tissues)

Digestive System: Intracellular digestion via amoebocytes

Reproduction: Can reproduce asexually (budding) or sexually (hermaphrodites)

Characteristics: Immobile suspension feeders that live in aquatic habitats, earliest form of animals

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12
Q

Cnidaria

A

i.e. Jellyfish, sea anemones, corals

Symmetry:Radial

Coelom: None

Tissue Organization: Eumetazoa (organisms with true tissues)

Digestive System: 2 way digestion with gastrovascular cavity that acts as a hydrostatic skeleton for mobility

Reproduction: Sexual and asexual

Characteristics: Live in aquatic habitats with some capable of having life cycles that switch from polyp to medusa forms

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13
Q

Platyhelminthes

A

i..e Flatworms, tapeworms

Symmetry: Bilateral with cephalization (has head)

Coelom: None

Tissue Organization: Tripoblasts (3 layers of germ cells)

Digestive System: 2 way digestion with gastrovascular cavity that acts as a hydrostatic skeleton for mobility

Reproduction: Sexual and asexual

Excretory system: Contain flame cells that filter harmful substances from the body

Characteristics: Parasitic lifestyles (Tapeworms are insternal parasites), do not contain their own digestive tract, so they need pre-digested food

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14
Q

Nematoda

A

i.e. Roundworms

Symmetry: Bilateral

Coelom: Has a pseudocoelom

Tissue Organization: Tripoblasts (3 layers of germ cells has endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm), eumetazoa (true tissues)

Digestive System: 1 way digestion with alimentory canal

Characteristics: Soil dwellers that recycle nutrients

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15
Q

Rotifers

A

Symmetry: Bilateral

Coelom: has pseudocoelom

Tissue Organization: Tripoblasts, eumetazoa

Digestive System: 1 way digestion with alimentory canal

Reproduction- Sexually or parthenogenetically

Characteristics:
Live mostly in freshwater and draw water/food into their system using cilia

Not truly segmented

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16
Q

Flame Cells

A

Filter harmful substances

Also have cilia that help filter harmful substances)

17
Q

Mollusca

A

i.e. Snails

Second most diverse phylum

Symmetry: Bilateral

Coelom: Coelomate

Tissue Organization: Triploblast, eumetazoa

Digestive System: 1 way digestion using a radula

Reproduction: Sexual and asexual

Respiratory System- gills

Characteristics: Live on land or aquatic habitats

Have a radula and mantle

18
Q

Radula

A

Structure of tiny teeth used for scraping food particles off a surface and drawing them into the mouth

19
Q

Mantle

A

Thin layer of tissue found inside mollusks that secretes calcium carbonate to build their shells during growth

20
Q

Annelids

A

i..e Earthworm, leech

Symmetry: Bilateral

Coelom: Coelomate

Tissue Organization: Triploblasts, eumetazoa

Digestive System: 1 way digestion with alimentory canal

Reproduction: sexual and asexual

Characteristics: Have both longitudinal and circular muscles with segmented bodies

21
Q

Arthropoda

A

i.e. Spiders, insects, grasshoppers

Symmetry: Bilateral

Coelom: Coelomate

Tissue Organization: Triploblasts, eumetazoa

Digestive System: 1 way digestion (some have salivary glands)

Characteristics:Have exoskeleton and jointed appendages

Most diverse since they have more species than any other phylum

22
Q

Echinodermata

A

i..e Starfish, sea urchins

Symmetry: Bilateral during larvae stage, radial during adult stage

Coelom: Coelomate

Tissue Organization: Triploblasts, eumetazoa

Digestive System: Complete digestive system with mouth and anus

Nervous System: Nerve ring with radial nerves

Reproduction: Sexual and asexual

Characteristics: Have water vascular system with central disk and tube feet

Closest phylum to chordata

23
Q

Chordata****

A

Symmetry: Bilateral

Coelom: Triploblasts, eumetazoa

Characteristics: notochord, dorsal hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal gill slits, muscular tail present during development

24
Q

Notochord

A

Functions as support in development, usually replaced by bone

Becomes part of vertebral column, as well as muscles of the axial skeleton

25
Q

Dorsal Hollow Nerve Cord

A

Eventually becomes spinal cord (NOT COTOCHORD), including the brain

26
Q

Pharyngeal Gill Slits

A

Eventually becomes gills, pharynx, or other feeding mechanisms

27
Q

Muscular Tail

A

Often lost during embryonic develop (i.e. humans)

28
Q

Classification of Chordata

A

Invertebrate (lancelets, tunicates)

Vertebrate (sharks, fish, birds, mammals)

29
Q

Vertebrate Chordates

A

Characterized by a series of bone, the vertebrae, that enclose the spinal cord

30
Q

Invertebrates Excrete….

A

Uric acid

31
Q

Mammal Excrete…

A

Urea

32
Q

Protosomes vs. Deuterostomes

A

During embryonic development, all annimal phyla are protosomes except for echinodermates and chordates (deuterostomes)

DAT- BIO (41 decks)

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