Bacteria

Question 1

Kingdom

Answer 1

Monera

Hardest to classify because they are so old

Question 2

Differ from Eukaryotes and Archaea By….

Answer 2

Cell walls made with peptidoglycan (sugar polymer with amino acids)

No histones

Ribosome activity inhibited by antibiotics

Question 3

Categorization of Bacteria

Answer 3

How they metabolize resources for nutrition

Some bacteria produce endospores

How they move (flagella, corkscrew motion, gliding through self produced slime…etc)

Shape (cocci, bacilli, spirilla)

Cell wall thickness

Question 4

Endospores

Answer 4

Non-reproductive structure containing bacteria’s DNA

Question 5

Cocci

Answer 5

Spherical

Question 6

Bacillus

Answer 6

Rod shaped

Question 7

Cell Wall Thickness

Answer 7

Cell walls can be stained with “Gram stain technique”

If thick, will test positive

If thin, will test negative

Question 8

Cyanobacteria

Answer 8

Photosynthetic (release O2)

Use chlorophyll a

Also use pigment phycobilin

Some have heterocysts

Question 9

Heterocysts

Answer 9

Fix N, allowing it to make N containing amino acids or nucleotide

Autotrophs that can fix N

Question 10

Chemosynthetic Bacteria

Answer 10

Nitrifying bacteria (convert nitrite into nitrate- NO2- -----> NO3- )
Autotrophs

Question 11

Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria

Answer 11

Heterotrophs that fix nitrogen

Have mutualistic relationship with plants

Live in nodules (special structures within plant roots)

Question 12

Spirochetes

Answer 12

Coiled
Move in a corkscrew type motion
Flagella is on the inside of cell wall (internal flagella)

Question 13

Vertical Gene Transfer

Answer 13

Transfer of genetic material from one generation to the next

Sexual/asexual reproduction

Question 14

Horizontal Gene Transfer

Answer 14

Transfer of genetic material from one individual to another, regardless if they are related

Question 15

Binary Fssion

Answer 15

Bacterial reproduction (cell division)