Ketamine Flashcards
What is Ketamine (Ketalar)?
Ketamine is a sedative, analgesic dissociative anesthetic.
What is the mechanism of action of Ketamine?
It blocks pain receptors and minimizes spinal cord activity, affecting the association pathways of the brain between the thalamus and limbic system.
What are the indications for using Ketamine?
Indications include excited delirium, pain management, and procedural sedation.
What are the contraindications for Ketamine?
Contraindications include hypersensitivity, hypertensive crisis, pregnancy, angina, heart failure, known or suspected schizophrenia, and conditions where hypertension would be hazardous to the patient’s care. Use with caution in patients with potential for ICP.
What are the adverse reactions or side effects of Ketamine?
bronchodilation, confusion, dysrhythmia, delirium, hallucinations, hypertension, increase in heart rate, respiratory depression.
What should be noted about Ketamine’s interaction with other medications?
increases the effects of opiates, barbiturates, and neuromuscular blockers. Some patients may experience an emergence reaction after the duration of the medication’s effect.
What is the dosage and administration for Ketamine in adults and pediatrics for anesthesia?
For anesthesia, the dosage is 1 to 2 mg/kg IV slow push over 1 - 2 minutes every 10 - 20 minutes, or 10 mg/kg IM every 12 - 25 minutes.
What is the dosage for Ketamine for pain control?
For moderate pain, the dosage is 0.5 mg/kg IN with a max initial dose of 55 mg and max total dose of 100 mg.
For severe pain, the dosage is 0.25 mg/kg IM or IV with a max initial dose of 25 mg and max total dose of 100 mg.
What is the dosage for Ketamine for chemical restraint?
For chemical restraint, the dosage is 1 mg/kg IV or 3 mg/kg IM.
What is the duration of action for Ketamine?
Onset is 30 seconds, peak effect is 30 seconds to 5 minutes, and duration is 10 to 15 minutes.
