Intracellular Bacteria

Question 1

where does the family Chlamydiaceae multiply?

Answer 1

vacuoles in eukaryotic cells

Question 2

the infectious extracellular form, called the ____________________, initiates infection by attaching to an inducing uptake by the host cell

Answer 2

elementary body (EB)

Question 3

one internalized, the bacteria remain within a membrane-bound vacuole where the organism differentiates into a more metabolically active form called the ________________________

Answer 3

reticulate body (RB)

Question 4

are Rickettsiaceae obligate intracellular?

Answer 4

yes

Question 5

Rickettsiaceae are commonly carried and transmitted by _______________________________________

Answer 5

arthropods like ticks, mites, lice, or fleas

Question 6

what cells do Rickettsiaceae preferentially infect?

Answer 6

vascular endothelium

Question 7

which Rickettsiaceae species is sgnificantly associated with animal disease?

Answer 7

Rickettsia rickettsii

Question 8

what is the agent of rocky mountain spotted fever?

Answer 8

Rickettsia rickettsii

Question 9

what is Coxiella burnetii the agent of?

Answer 9

Q fever

Question 10

what are the primary reservoirs of Coxiella burnetii?

Answer 10

cattle
sheep
goats

Question 11

how are Coxiella burnetii excreted?

Answer 11

milk
urine
feces

Question 12

what is the disease like caused by Chlamydiaceae?

Answer 12

variable: clinically inapparent to severe systemic infections (fever, anorexia, lethargy, occasionally death)

Question 13

what does Chlamydophila abortus cause?

Answer 13

enzootic abortion in ewes
also goats, cattle, pigs
pregnant women

Question 14

what is Chlamydophila pecorum responsible for in farm animals?

Answer 14

polyarthritis and polyserositis in sheep, cattle, other animals
sporadic bovine encephalomyelitis

Question 15

with Chlamydophila pecorum, both ________________________ tissue changes can be seen in the joints

Answer 15

periarticular and articular

Question 16

what does Chlamydophila felis cause?

Answer 16

conjunctivitis in cats

Question 17

what does Chlamydophila psittaci cause?

Answer 17

avian chlamydiosis: fibrinous serositis of body cavities, air sacs, and organ surfaces
lung, liver, spleen are enlarged and congested

Question 18

what diseases does Chlamydophila psittaci cause?

Answer 18

ornithosis
psittacosis
avain chlamydiosis

Question 19

what was the level of infection found with Chlamydophila pecorum and C. pneumoniae found in wild koalas?

Answer 19

C. pecorum ranged from low to high grade
C. pneumoniae always low grade

Question 20

what is the drug of choice for chlamydial infections?

Answer 20

tetracycline

Question 21

what is trachoma?

Answer 21

disease caused my Chlamydia trachomatis
leading cause of preventable blindness

Question 22

what does Chlamydophila pecorum cause in koalas?

Answer 22

inflammatory and fibrotic disease in the eye and the urogenital and reproductive tracts in koalas

Question 23

what carries Rickettsia rickettsii?

Answer 23

20 species of ixodid ticks

Question 24

how do ticks become infected with Rickettsia rickettsii?

Answer 24

female can transmit to eggs transovarially
feed on blood from host in larval or nymphal stage
male ticks can transfer to females during mating

Question 25

what are the early signs of Rickettsia rickettsii?

Answer 25

high fever
vomiting
diarrhea
hemorrhagic mucous membranes

Question 26

where do Coxiella burnetii replicate?

Answer 26

inside phagolysosome
phagosome-containing bacteria within cell fuse with lysosomes to form

Question 27

what is unique about the reproductive cycle of Chlamydiaceae?

Answer 27

infectious and reproductive forms are morphologically distinct

Question 28

what are the two genera in Chlamydiaceae?

Answer 28

Chlamydia
Chlamydophila

Question 29

what is usually present in the enzootic abortion of ewes caused by Chlamydophila abortus?

Answer 29

necrosis of cotyledonss and edema of intercotyledon tissue
dirty pink uterine exudate

Question 30

what is sporadic bovine encephalomyelitis caused by?

Answer 30

Chlamydophila pecorum

Question 31

does Chlamydophila psittaci cause fibrinous serositis?

Answer 31

yes

Question 32

what is the more pathogenic Chlamydophila spp that infect koalas?

Answer 32

C. pecorum