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Veterinary Infectious Diseases > Diseases Due to Gram Negative Rods II > Flashcards

Diseases Due to Gram Negative Rods II Flashcards

1
Q

what are the Yersinia species of animals and humans?

A

Yersinia pestis
Yersinia enterocolica
Yersinia pseudotuberculosis

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2
Q

what is the appearance of Yersinia spp with a gram stain?

A

gram negative rods
safety pin

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3
Q

what infections does Yersinia cause?

A

enteric or systemic

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4
Q

who is most susceptible to Yersinia pestis?

A

cats

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5
Q

how does infection of Yersinia pestis occur?

A

ingestion of infected rodents

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6
Q

what are the clinical forms of Yersinia pestis?

A

bubonic
pneumonic
septicemic (often fatal)

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7
Q

true/false: dogs are less likely to develop clinical illness with Yersinia pestis than cats

A

true

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8
Q

who is the natural reservoir of Yersinia pestis?

A

rodents
fleas just carriers

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9
Q

who does Yersinia enterocolica impact?

A

swine
wildlife
humans

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10
Q

who does Yersinia pseudotuberculosis impact?

A

farmed deer
sheep
goats
cattle
pigs
human
laboratory rodents

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11
Q

what is the pathology of enteric yersiniosis?

A

necrotic liver
adenopathy
mucosal ulcers

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12
Q

what is the pathogenesis of bubonic plague?

A

invades macrophages
travels via lymph to blood
replicates in lymph nodes
causes tissue necrosis

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13
Q

what is the appearance of Brucella spp with a gram stain?

A

gram negative coccobacilli

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14
Q

what region do Brucella spp infect?

A

reproductive tract of mammals

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15
Q

which Brucella spp do not have LPS?

A

Brucella ovis
B. canis

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16
Q

where do Brucella spp replicate?

A

intracellularly in trophoblasts

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17
Q

who does Brucella abortus infect?

A

bovine

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18
Q

how does Brucella abortus shed?

A

milk: years
uterine secretions and semen: weeks

19
Q

how is Brucella abortus transmitted?

A

ingestion of fecal/fluids/milk
inhalation
coital
skin abrasions
transplacental

20
Q

what is abortion like in Brucella abortus?

A

5 months of gestation if first pregnancy
next calves carried to term

21
Q

does Brucella abortus affect joints?

A

yes- swollen joints

22
Q

what happens at the herd level with Brucella abortus?

A

abortion storms
decreased fertility
decreased milk production

23
Q

how is Brucella abortus controlled?

A

treatment ineffective
test and slaughter
vaccination

24
Q

how prevalent is Brucellosis in domestic livestock in the USA?

A

nearly eliminated

25
Q

in whom is Brucella abortus self-sustained?

A

elk
bison

26
Q

what does Brucella canis cause in female dogs?

A

abortions, reduced size litter
reduced fertility
neonatal mortality

27
Q

what does Brucella canis cause in male dogs?

A

orchitis and epididymitis
infertility, aspermia
lameness

28
Q

what does Brucella suis cause?

A

abortions, stillbirths
neonatal mortality
testicular abnormalities
sterility
lameness, posterior paralysis

29
Q

what does Brucella melitensis cause?

A

abortions
orchitis and epididymitis
arthritis

30
Q

how do you control ovine, caprine, and porcine brucellosis?

A

vaccination
test
test and slaughter

31
Q

what is RB51?

A

attenuated vaccine made of rough mutant Brucella abortus

32
Q

what is the caveat to the RB51 vaccine?

A

protects against abortion but not infection: shed in milk is potential for human infection

33
Q

what do stallions get with Taylorella equigenitalis?

A

asymptomatic

34
Q

what do mares get with Taylorella equigenitalis?

A

contagious equine metritis
25% asymptomatic carriers

35
Q

are Yersinia spp intracellular?

A

yes
facultative

36
Q

what do cats develop with Yersinia pestis?

A

sub-mandibular lymphadenitis: necrosis, rapture, oozing

37
Q

how stable is Yersinia spp in the environment?

A

stable

38
Q

what are the pathogens of enteric yersiniosis?

A

Yersinia enterocolica: pigs, wildlife, human
Y. pseudotuberculosis: farmed deer, sheep, goats, cattle, pigs, human, laboratory rodents

39
Q

when does clinical enterocolitis develop with enteric yersiniosis?

A

environmental and nutritional stress

40
Q

aree Brucella spp zoonotic?

A

yes: febrile, chronic undulating illness

41
Q

how do Brucella spp travel through the body?

A

invade macrophages
transport to lymph nodes
intermittent bacteriaemia
transport to reproductive organs and associated glands

42
Q

how is Brucella canis controlled?

A

antibiotics
neutering
test and remove from breeding
no vaccination

43
Q

what does Brucella ovis cause?

A

placentitis
epididymitis

Veterinary Infectious Diseases (29 decks)

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