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Veterinary Infectious Diseases > Diseases Due to Filamentous Bacteria > Flashcards

Diseases Due to Filamentous Bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

how do Actinobacteria gram stain?

A

gram positive

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2
Q

are Actinobacteria opportunistic or obligate?

A

opportunistic

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3
Q

what causes lumpy jaw in cattle?

A

Actinomyces bovis

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4
Q

what does Trueperella pyogenes cause?

A

abscesses
pneumonia
polyarthritis
mastitis

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5
Q

what does Actinobaculum suis cause in swine?

A

cystitis
pyelonephritis complex
mastitis

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6
Q

what are the common anatomic sites of Actinomycoses?

A

bone and soft tissue of oral cavity, mandible, and maxilla
can be anywhere

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7
Q

what is the presentation of Actinomycoses?

A

firm to hard, coalescing masses +/- fistulation resulting from pyogranulomatous inflammation and fibrosis
osteomyelitis

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8
Q

is Actinomyces bovis a commensal? if so, of where?

A

yes
oropharynx of cattle

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9
Q

what type of reaction happens in lumpy jaw of cattle?

A

pyogranulomatous

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10
Q

what does Actinomyces cause in the medullary cavity (mandibula, maxilla)?

A

chronic osteomyelitis

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11
Q

do Actinomyces bovis infections involve the lymph nodes?

A

not typically

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12
Q

what causes poll evil and fistula withers?

A

Actinomyces spp: A. bovis
Brucella abortus
parasites

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13
Q

what do poll evil and fistula withers cause with bursitis?

A

swelling
fistula tract
purulent discharge

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14
Q

where is Trueperella pyogenes a commensal of?

A

nasopharyngeal commensal

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15
Q

what is Trueperella pyogenes a classic cause of?

A

chronic abscesses in cattle, pigs, sheep

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16
Q

what type of lesions does Trueperella pyogenes cause?

A

purulent

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17
Q

what is Trueperella pyogenes a co-pathogen in?

A

summer mastitis and foot rot

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18
Q

what is a urinary pathogen of pregnant sows?

A

Actinobaculum suis

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19
Q

how is Actinobaculum suis transmitted?

A

coitus

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20
Q

where is Actinobaculum suis a commensal of?

A

prepuce of boar

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21
Q

what are the signs of Actinobaculum suis?

A

usually not febrile
anorexia
dysuria, hematuria, pyuria
reddish brown color, ammonia color

22
Q

true/false: Actinobaculum suis can cause ascending infections in sows

A

true

23
Q

what promotes adherence of Actinobaculum suis?

A

fimbriae

24
Q

what is Actinomyces viscosus a commensal of?

A

oral cavity of dogs

25
Q

where is Actinomyces hordeovulneris found?

A

foxtails

26
Q

what does Actinomyces hordeovulneris cause?

A

subcutaneous and visceral pyogranulomatous lesions
arthritis
peritonitis
pleuritis: pyothorax

27
Q

are Nocardia spp aerobic or anaerobic?

A

aerobic

28
Q

are Nocardia spp gram positive or gram negative?

A

gram positive

29
Q

what do Nocardia spp look like when growing and not growing?

A

growing: filamentous
not growing: coccobacilli

30
Q

are Nocardia spp opportunistic?

A

yes

31
Q

how are Nocardia spp inoculated into soft tissues?

A

from soil: saprophytes

32
Q

how do Nocardia spp infect?

A

inhalation
ingestion
wounds
teat canal

33
Q

true/false: Nocardia spp invade and survive in macrophages and are intracellular therefore

A

true

34
Q

what do Nocardia spp cause in dogs?

A

cutaneous pyogranulomatous (abscess, fistula)
pyothorax
disseminated: many organs

35
Q

what do Nocardia spp cause in cattle?

A

chronic mastitis
abortion
farcy

36
Q

are actinomycoses usually opportunistic?

A

yes
commensals oronasal, GI tract, genital tracts

37
Q

what is the treatment of Actinomyces bovis?

A

surgical
long-term antibiotics

38
Q

how can poll evil and fistulous withers be treated?

A

surgery
drainage
hot compresses
antibiotics

39
Q

what can Trueperella pyogenes cause due to its ability to affect many systems?

A

pyometra
lymphadenitis
osteomyelitis
peritonitis
neural abscessation
arthritis
otitis
mastitis

40
Q

how is Actinobaculum suis transmitted?

A

coitus

41
Q

who does Actinobaculum suis usually affect?

A

older sows

42
Q

who is Actinobaculum suis related to?

A

Trueperella sp

43
Q

what does Actinobaculum suis have that promotes adherence?

A

fimbriae

44
Q

how can we diagnose actinomycoses?

A

signalment, clinical signs, lesions
impression smear
culture

45
Q

which Nocardia sp is important?

A

Nocardia asteroides

46
Q

what do Nocardia spp cause in swine?

A

abortions

47
Q

of Nocardia spp, Actinomycess sp, and Trueperella pyogenes/Actinobaculum suis, which ones are not acid-fast?

A

Actinomyces sp
Trueperella pyogenes/Actinobaculum suis

48
Q

who does Dermatophilosis usually impact?

A

young
immunosuppressed

49
Q

what does Dermatophilosis cause?

A

epidermal infections of large animals

50
Q

what are the additional names for Dermatophilosis in horses?

A

rain scald/rot
grease heel

51
Q

where does Dermatophilus congolensis persist?

A

skin of healthy animals

52
Q

does Dermatophilus congolensis have zoospores?

A

yes: motile, resistant

Veterinary Infectious Diseases (29 decks)

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