Diseases Due to Gram Negative Rods III

Question 1

what are the symptoms of Salmonella pullorum?

Answer 1

white diarrhea or white pasty plug at vent

Question 2

do opportunistic Enterobacteriaceae usually cause enteric disease?

Answer 2

no

Question 3

what are the virulence factors of Klebsiella pneumoniae?

Answer 3

capsule
siderophores
adhesions
endotoxins (LPS): release from dead bacteria

Question 4

what do siderophores do?

Answer 4

chelate and transport iron to bacteria

Question 5

what is a pathogenic microbe that causes coliform mastitis?

Answer 5

Yersinia enterocolitica

Question 6

what are some opportunistic microbes that cause coliform mastitis?

Answer 6

Klebsiella pneumoniae
Enterobacter aerogenes
Escherichia coli

Question 7

are Klebsiella pneumoniae flagellated or not?

Answer 7

non-flagellated

Question 8

what does Pseudomonas aeruginosa cause in sheep?

Answer 8

mastitis
fleece rot
pneumonia
rhinitis
otitis

Question 9

what does Pseudomonas aeruginosa cause in farmed mink?

Answer 9

pneumonia
septicemia
extremely susceptible

Question 10

how does Pseudomonas aeruginosa enter a body?

Answer 10

contact with contaminated devices, water, environment

Question 11

what causes glanders in horses?

Answer 11

Burkholderia mallei

Question 12

who is susceptible to Burkholderia mallei?

Answer 12

humans
goats
carnivores
equidae

Question 13

who does Burkholderia pseudomallei infect?

Answer 13

pigs
goats
sheep

Question 14

what do the clinical signs of Burkholderia pseudomallei vary with?

Answer 14

site of lesions

Question 15

how does glanders/Burkholderia mallei infect people?

Answer 15

cuts, scrapes
mucosal surfaces of nose and eyes

Question 16

how does meliodosis/Burkholderia pseudomallei infect humans?

Answer 16

inhalation of contaminated dust or water droplets
ingestion contaminated water
ingestion of soil-contaminated food
other contact with contaminated soil

Question 17

how common is person-to-person transmission of glanders and melioidosis?

Answer 17

rare

Question 18

is Aeromonas hydrophila opportunistic?

Answer 18

yes

Question 19

what is the mortality rate of Salmonella pullorum?

Answer 19

high

Question 20

who does Salmonella pullorum impact?

Answer 20

young chicks and turkeys

Question 21

how do opportunistic Enterobacteriaceae cause infections?

Answer 21

inherently vulnerable organs/systems
wounds and necrotic tissue
tissues taken by other infections
septicemia in immunocompromised

Question 22

what does inflammation cause with iron?

Answer 22

shifts from circulation into storage
hypoferremia and iron-deficient erythropoiesis (iron deficiency without anemia)

Question 23

what can Klebsiella pneumonia cause? four things

Answer 23

coliform mastitis: cows>sows
endometritis: mares
pneumonia: calves, foals
UTI: dogs

Question 24

does Pseudomonas aeruginosa cause a narrow or wide range of diseases?

Answer 24

wide range many species

Question 25

what is the pathogenesis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa?

Answer 25

entry via contact with contaminated water, devices, environment breach in host defenses adherence colonization and replication tissue damage

Question 26

how does Pseudomonas aeruginosa cause tissue damage?

Answer 26

toxin production: exoenzyme S (T3SS) and T2SS

Question 27

how does Pseudomonas aeruginosa cause localized damage?

Answer 27

exotoxin A: disrupts protein synthesis phospholipase C: hemolysis proteases: cell damage

Question 28

how does Pseudomonas aeruginosa cause systemic damage?

Answer 28

exoenzyme S (T3SS): inhibits DNA synthesis, alters cytoskeleton, microvillus effacement, antiphagocytic exotoxin A endotoxin: inflammation

Question 29

are Burkholderia mallei and Burkholderia pseudomallei intracellular or extracellular?

Answer 29

intracellular

Question 30

are Burkholderia spp zoonotic?

Answer 30

yes

Question 31

what is the acute form of Burkholderia mallei/glanders?

Answer 31

septicemia, fever mucopurulent nasal discharge respiratory difficulty death within weeks

Question 32

what is the chronic form of Burkholderia mallei/glanders?

Answer 32

disseminated, debilitating disease nasal, pulmonary, cutaneous fatal after a few months survivors are carriers

Question 33

how is Burkholderia mallei controlled?

Answer 33

test and slaughter

Question 34

who does Aeromonas hydrophila infect?

Answer 34

aquatic species domestic animals zoonosis