Inheritance Key Words

Question 1

Gene

Answer 1

Smallest unit of inheritance that codes for a protein which imparts a characteristic

Question 2

Chromosome

Answer 2

Made from a molecule of DNA which is coiled up, contains many genes

Question 3

DNA

Answer 3

A chemical that carries the genetic code

Question 4

Gamete

Answer 4

The sex cells

Question 5

Zygote

Answer 5

A fused egg and sperm sell

Question 6

Sexual reproduction

Answer 6

Reproduction involving the joining of two gametes, results in genetic variation

Question 7

Asexual reproduction

Answer 7

Reproduction without gametes, using mitosis, results in no genetic variation

Question 8

Diploid

Answer 8

A cell which has two sets of chromosomes (46) strands in its nucleus: a body cell

Question 9

Haploid

Answer 9

A cell which has one set of chromosomes (23 strands) in its nucleus: a sex cell

Question 10

Allele

Answer 10

A different version of the same gene

Question 11

Dominant

Answer 11

Only one of the alleles needed for the characteristic to be expressed, shown with capital letter

Question 12

Recessive

Answer 12

Both alleles needed for the characteristic to be expressed, shown with lower case letter

Question 13

Monohybrid inheritance

Answer 13

Inheritance of one characteristic

Question 14

F1 generation

Answer 14

The first generation from a genetic cross

Question 15

Genotype

Answer 15

The genes that are present

Question 16

Phenotype

Answer 16

The characteristics that are expressed

Question 17

Homozygous

Answer 17

Both alleles are the same

Question 18

Heterozygous

Answer 18

Both alleles are different

Question 19

XX

Answer 19

The chromosomes present in a female

Question 20

XY

Answer 20

The chromosomes present in a male