Greek Beyond GCSE Chapter 2 Flashcards
ὁ χειμὼν πέπαυκε τὴν ναυμαχίαν.
The storm has stopped the sea-battle
ἆρα λελύκατε πάντας τοὺς αἰχμαλώτους;
Have you released all the prisoners?
πολλὰ ἔτη πεφόβημαι τὸν σκότον.
I have been afraid of the dark for many years
τιμῶμεν τοὺς ὑπὲρ τῆς πόλεως τεθνηκότας.
We honour those who have died on behalf of the city
τὴν σὴν σοφίαν πολὺν χρόνον τεθαύμακα.
I have admired your wisdom for a long time.
οἱ στρατιῶται πᾶσαν τὴν ἡμέραν ἐνθάδε τεταγμένοι εἰσίν.
The soldiers have been drawn up here all day.
αἱ παῖδες τοὺς νέους λόγους μεμαθήκασιν.
The girls have learned the new words.
ὁ ἱερεὺς τέθυκε πᾶσι τοῖς θεοῖς.
The priest has sacrificed to all the gods.
δικαίως τετίμηκας τὸν ταῦτα πράξαντα.
You have justly honoured the man who did these things
καίπερ πολλάκις ἠδικηκότες, τὸ ἀληθὲς ἀεὶ ἐζητήκαμεν.
Despite having often done wrong, we have always sought the truth.
The old man has released all the animals.
ὁ γερων λελυκε παντα τα ζῳα.
The woman who has asked these things is very wise.
ἡ ταυτα ἠρωτηκυια σοφωτατη ἐστιν.
The messenger says that the king has died.
ὁ ἀγγελος λεγει ὁτι ὁ βασιλευς τεθνηκεν.
Night has stopped the assembly.
ἡ νυξ πεπαυκε την ἐκκλησιαν
I think that these horses have been chased into the field.
νομιζω τουτους τους ἱππους εἰς τον ἀγρον δεδιωγμενους εἰναι.
ὁ ἄγγελος ὁ παρὼν τὰ περὶ τῆς συμφορᾶς ἡμῖν ἤγγελκεν.
The messenger who is here has reported to us the news about the disaster
ἆρ’ οὐ περὶ τῆς ἡμετέρας νίκης ἀκηκόατε, ὦ σύμμαχοι;
Surely you have heard about our victory, allies?
διὰ τὴν ἀρετὴν τοὺς πολίτας σεσώκατε, ὦ στρατιῶται.
On account of your courage you have saved the citizens, soldiers.
πολλά ἐστι τὰ δεινὰ ἃ ἐνθάδε ἑώρακα.
Many are the strange things which I have seen here.
χρήματα πεπόμφαμεν τοῖς πρὸς βαρβάρων πεπονθόσιν.*
- *Note that, because the perfect is virtually a present tense, a perfect or aorist participle in a sentence with a perfect main verb does not move back a tense in translation (as it would with an aorist main verb).
We have sent money to those who have suffered at the hands of the barbarians.
ἐπεπαιδεύκεμεν τοὺς νέους δούλους πρὸ τοῦ πολέμου.
We had trained the new slaves before the war
ὁ διδάσκαλος πρότερον μὲν ἐπεπαύκει τὸν ἀγῶνα, ὕστερον δὲ εἴασεν.
The teacher had previously stopped the contest, but later he allowed it.
ἐπεὶ εἰς τὸν ἀγρὸν ἀφικόμην, οἱ δοῦλοι ἤδη ἐλελύκεσαν τοὺς ἵππους.
When I arrived in the field, the slaves had already released the horses
πρὸ τῆς νυκτὸς ἡ μάχη ὑπο τοῦ στρατηγοῦ ἐπέπαυτο.
Before night, the battle had been stopped by the general
ἆρα τὴν βουλὴν ἤδη ἐκεκωλύκης, καίπερ τὴν ἐμὴν ἐπιστολὴν οὐ δεξάμενος;
Had you already hindered the plan, although you had not received my letter?
The allies had been hindered by the storm.
οἱ συμμαχοι τῳ χειμωνι ἐκεκωλυντο.
You had released some of the prisoners, friends, but others were still waiting.
τους μεν των αἰχμαλωτων ἐλελυκετε, ὠ φιλοι, οἱ δε ἐτι ἐμενον
The women had trained their daughters well.
αἱ γυναικες εὐ ἐπεπαιδευκεσαν τας θυγατερας.
Many soldiers had been pursued into the sea.
πολλοι στρατιωται εἰς την θαλασσαν δεδιωγμενοι ἠσαν
When we saw the city, the battle had already been stopped.
ἐπει την πολιν εἰδομεν, ἡ μαχη ἠδη ἐπεπαυτο.
δύνασαι φέρειν τοῦτον τὸν λίθον;
Are you able to carry this stone?
πολλοὺς νεκροὺς ἐκεῖ κειμένους εἶδον.
I saw many corpses lying there.
πᾶσαν τὴν ἡμέραν ὑπὸ τῷ δένδρῳ ἐκείμην.
I lay under the tree for the whole day
ὁ γέρων σαφῶς μέμνηται τῶν πάλαι μαχῶν.
The old man remembers clearly the battles of long ago.
ἆρ’ ἐπίστασαι τὴν ὁδὸν ἐν σκότῳ εὑρίσκειν;
Do you know how to find the road in the dark?
I remember the king’s father.
μεμνημαι του του βασιλεως πατρος.
The boy was lying in the boat.
ὁ παις ἐν τῳ πλοιῳ ἐκειτο.
Not being able to release the chains, I was forced to remain there.
οὐ δυναμενος τους δεσμους λυσαι, ἠναγκασθην ἐκει μενειν
These women remembered the words of the god.
αἱδε ἐμεμνηντο των του θεου λογων.
Do you know how to escape secretly, soldiers?
ἀρα ἐπιστασθε λαθρᾳ ἐκφυγειν, ὠ στρατιωται;
ὡς χίλιαι νῆες ἀπὸ τῆς Ἑλλάδος πάλαι ἔπλευσαν.
About a thousand ships sailed from Greece long ago
οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι πεντήκοντα ἔτη δυνατώτατοι ἦσαν.
The Athenians were very powerful for fifty years
τέσσαρες καὶ εἴκοσι ὄρνιθες ἐδέσθησαν.
Twenty-four birds were eaten.
τρεῖς μὲν ἡμέρας ἐπορευόμην, τῇ δὲ τετάρτῃ ἀφικόμην.
I was travelling for three days, and on the fourth I arrived.
οἱ τριακόσιοι ἀνδρειότατα ἐμάχοντο.
The three hundred fought very bravely.
Nine magistrates arrange the affairs of the city.
ἐννεα ἀρχοντες τα της πολεως τασσουσιν.
We have one country and one king.
μιαν τε πατριδα και ἑνα βασιλεα ἐχομεν
For seven days we waited, but on the eighth we saw a ship.
ἑπτα μεν ἡμερας ἐμενομεν, τῃ δε ὀγδοῃ ναυν εἰδομεν.
In the council are 500 citizens.
ἐν τῃ βουλῃ εἰσι πεντακοσιοι πολιται
The Greeks were besieging that city for ten years.
οἱ Ἑλληνες ἐκεινην την πολιν δεκα ἐτη ἐπολιορκουν.
ἡ ἑορτὴ διὰ τεσσάρων ἐτῶν γίγνεται.
The festival happens every four years
ὁ διδάσκαλος νόσου ἕνεκα ἀπῆν.
The teacher was away on account of illness.
αὕτη ἡ παῖς πάντα ἄνευ φόβου πράσσει.
This girl does everything without fear.
ἡ νίκη ὑπὲρ ἐλπίδα ἐγένετο.
The victory happened beyond hope
οἱ περὶ τὸν Κῦρον εἰς καιρὸν ἀφίκοντο.
Cyrus and his men arrived at the right time
ἐπὶ τῶν προγόνων ἡ θεὰ κατὰ τοῦ ὄρους ὑπὸ νύκτα κατέβαινεν.
In the time of the ancestors the goddess used to come down from the mountain
just before nightfall.
οἱ δοῦλοι δεινὰ ἔπασχον πρὸς ἐκείνου τοῦ δεσπότου.
The slaves used to suffer terrible things at the hands of that master
οἱ ἐν τῇ ἐκκλησίᾳ περὶ πολλοῦ ἐποιοῦντο ἑκάστην γνώμην ἀκούειν.
The men in the assembly regarded it as important to hear each opinion
ἡ εἰρήνη ἐπὶ τούτοις ἐποιήθη.
Peace was made on these terms.
οἱ μὲν Λακεδαιμόνιοι κατὰ γῆν ἐκράτουν, οἱ δ’ Ἀθηναῖοι κατὰ θάλασσαν.
The Spartans had power by land, the Athenians by sea
The old man was sitting in front of the house.
1 ὁ γερων προ της οἰκιας ἐκαθιζεν.
The girl set out at daybreak, in order to arrive just before nightfall.
ἡ παις ἁμ’ ἡμερᾳ ὡρμησατο, ἱνα ὑπο νυκτα ἀφικοιτο
Those soldiers acted unjustly, contrary to the law.
ἐκεινοι οἱ στρατιωται παρα τον νομον ἠδικησαν.
All our friends have gone away except one.
παντες οἱ ἡμετεροι φιλοι ἀπεληλυθασι πλην ἑνος
The people there use bows instead of swords.
οἱ ἐκει τοξοις ἀντι ξιφων χρωνται.
τίνες εἰσὶν αἱ εἰς τὸ ἱερὸν εἰσελθοῦσαι;
Who are the women who went into the temple?
κίνδυνος ἦν, ἀλλ’ οὐδεὶς ἀπεχώρησεν.
There was danger, but no-one went away.
οἱ παρὰ τοῦ βασιλέως κατάσκοποι λάθρᾳ προὐχώρησαν.
The spies from the king advanced secretly.
νομίζω πάντας τοὺς στρατιώτας ἀνὰ τὸ ὄρος ἀναβῆναι.
I think that all the soldiers have gone up the mountain.
αἱ παῖδες ὑπὸ τοῖς δένδροις περιέτρεχον.
The girls were running around under the trees.
μετὰ δύο ὥρας ἐξῆν ἡμῖν τὰς ναῦς προσπλεούσας ἰδεῖν.
After two hours it was possible for us to see the ships sailing towards us.
ὁ γέρων ἀπέθανε, σίτου ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ οὐκ ἐνόντος.
The old man died, as there was not any food in the house.
πάντες οἱ πολῖται εἰς τὰς ὁδοὺς ἐξῆλθον.
All the citizens went out into the streets.
ὁ ἄγγελος διεξῆλθε πάντα τὰ ἐκεῖ πράγματα.
The messenger went through all the things there.
ἆρα ὁ δεσμώτης ἐξέφυγεν;
Did the prisoner escape?
Many women went out of their houses into the marketplace.
πολλαι ἐκ των οἰκιων εἰς την ἀγοραν ἐξηλθον.
Our soldiers advanced into the land of the enemy just before nightfall.
οἱ ἡμετεροι στρατιωται εἰς την των πολεμιων χωραν ὑπο νυκτα
προὐχωρησαν.
The poet went down to save his wife.
ὁ ποιητης κατεβη ὡς σωσων την γυναικα.
I saw that boy leading the horse towards the field.
εἰδον ἐκεινον τον παιδα προσαγοντα τον ἱππον προς τον ἀγρον
Having gone up the mountain, I was afraid to return.
ἀνα το ὀρος ἀναβας, ἐφοβουμην ἐπανελθειν.
βουλόμεθα τοὺς δούλους τοὺς ναυμαχήσαντας ἐλευθερῶσαι.
We want to set free the slaves who fought in the sea-battle.
ὁ τῶν συμμάχων ἄγγελος τὴν βουλὴν ἡμῖν νῦν δηλοῖ.
The allies’ messenger is now showing us the plan.
οἱ Ἕλληνες οὐδέποτε δουλωθήσονται.
The Greeks will never be enslaved
οἱ πολῖται ἐπλήρουν τὰς ὁδούς.
The citizens were filling the streets.
ἀεὶ ἐλευθέρου τοὺς ἀδίκως δουλωθέντας, ὦ νεανία.
Always set free those who have been unjustly enslaved, young man!
ἆρ’ οὐκ ἀξιοῖς ὑπὲρ τῆς πατρίδος μάχεσθαι;
Surely you think it worthy to fight on behalf of the fatherland?
πότε δηλωθήσεται τοῖς πολίταις τὰ ζῷα τὰ ἀπὸ τῆς νήσου ληφθέντα;
When will the animals captured from the island be shown to the citizens?
διὰ τί ὁ ἄρχων ἠξίωσεν ἡμᾶς ἐν τῇ ἀγορᾷ παρεῖναι;
Why did the magistrate urge us to be present in the marketplace?
ἡ ἡμετέρα οἰκία ὕδατι πεπλήρωται.
Our house has been filled with water.
εἰ δηλοίης μοι τὴν τῆς ὁδοῦ βουλήν, οἷός τ’ ἂν εἴην βοηθεῖν σοι.
If you were to show me the plan of the journey, I would be able to help you.
Enslave this boy now, master!
νυν δουλωσον τονδε τον παιδα, ὠ δεσποτα.
The citizens filled the agora.
οἱ πολιται ἐπληρωσαν την ἀγοραν.
It is easy to set such women free.
ῥᾳδιον ἐστι τοιαυτας ἐλευθερουν
We are being urged by the children to provide more food.
ὑπο των παιδων ἀξιουμεθα πλειονα σιτον παρεχειν.
The horse now being shown to the general is excellent.
ὁ ἱππος ὁ τῳ στρατηγῳ νυν δηλουμενος ἀριστος ἐστιν.
ὁ διδάσκαλος ἐκέλευσε τοὺς παῖδας τὰς βίβλους λιπόντας ἐξελθεῖν.
The teacher ordered the children to leave their books and go out
ἕως* ὁ τῶν συμμάχων ἄγγελος ἔλεγεν, οἱ πολῖται σιγῇ ἐκάθιζον ὡς μάλιστα θαυμάζοντες.
While the allies’ messenger was speaking, the citizens were sitting in silence as
they were very much amazed.
αἱ θεαί, καίπερ οὐδαμῶς ὁμολογοῦσαι, ὑπὸ τοῦ ποιητοῦ ἐτιμῶντο.
The goddesses, despite in no way agreeing, were honoured by the poet.
τῶν ἐν τῇ νήσῳ ὑπὸ τῶν στρατιωτῶν ἐλευθερωθέντων, οἱ ἐκεῖ φύλακες ἠπόρουν ἕως* ἄλλοι τινὲς προσήχθησαν.
When the men on the island had been freed by the soldiers, the guards there were
at a loss until some others were brought to them.
ἆρα οἷαί τ’ ἐστὲ λέγειν ἡμῖν ὅπου ὁ βασιλεὺς ἀπέθανεν, ὦ γυναῖκες;
Are you able to tell us where the king died, women?
μωρότατοί εἰσιν ὅσοι ταῦτα τὰ ἔργα ἐπαινοῦσιν.
All those who praise these deeds are very stupid.
τῆς μάχης τοιαύτης οὔσης, οὐδεὶς οὕτως ἰσχυρός ἐστιν ὥστε αὖθις μάχεσθαι.
Since the battle is like this, no-one is strong enough to fight again.
ἡ τοῦ νεανίου μήτηρ ἔφη τοὺς φίλους δύο ὥρας μείναντας ἀπελθεῖν.
The young man’s mother said that his friends had waited for two hours and gone
away
ἐκεῖνος ὁ γέρων περὶ τοῦ πολέμου οὔποτε εἶπεν ἅτε δεινότατα παθών.
That old man never spoke about the war, since he had suffered very terribly
ἡμέρας γενομένης, αἰτήσω τοὺς πολίτας τὸν χρυσὸν κρύψαντας πρὸς τὰ ὄρη φυγεῖν.
When it becomes daylight, I will ask the citizens to hide the gold and flee to the
mountains.
εἴθε οἱ ξένοι ἡμᾶς ἀεὶ οὕτω ποιοῖεν.
If only the foreigners would always treat us like this!
ὁ παῖς πίπτων δένδρου εὐτυχῶς ἥψατο.
The boy as he was falling luckily got hold of a tree
βούλομαι γνῶναι ὅ τι εἶπεν ὁ ἄγγελος ὁ ὑπὸ βασιλέως πεμφθείς.
I want to know what the messenger sent by the king said.
αἱ ἐγγὺς τοῦ ὄρους οἰκοῦσαι ἐδήλωσαν ἡμῖν τὴν ὁδόν.
The women living near the mountain showed us the road.
ἆρ’ οὐ οἱ τοιούτους νόμους ἐπαινοῦντες ἀσθενεῖς εἰσιν;
Surely those who praise such laws are weak?
ὡς τάχιστα δεῦρο ἀφικόμην, οἴκαδε ἐπανελθεῖν ἐβουλόμην.
As soon as I arrived here, I wanted to go back home
ἆρα φοβεῖσθε τὴν βασιλέως ἵππον;
Are you afraid of the king of Persia’s cavalry?
εἰ ἡ γυνὴ ἴδοι με κακῶς πράσσοντα, εὐθὺς ἂν βοηθήσειεν.
If the woman were to see me faring badly, she would immediately help.
οἱ ἡμέτεροι σύμμαχοι εἰς τὴν τῶν πολεμίων χώραν εἰσέβαλον.
Our allies invaded the country of the enemy.
πάντα πέπρακται ἵνα ῥᾳδίως μανθάνητε.
Everything has been done so that you may learn easily
As soon as we heard what had happened, we all set out.
ὡς ταχιστα ἠκουσαμεν ὁ τι ἐγενετο, παντες ὡρμησαμεθα
I punished the boys who were pelting the door with stones.
ἐκολασα τους παιδας τους την θυραν λιθοις βαλλοντας.
The girl was treated well by those who had captured her.
ἡ παις εὐ ἐποιηθη ὑπο των ἑλοντων.
The barbarians at last invaded Athens.
οἱ βαρβαροι εἰς τας Ἀθηνας τελος εἰσεβαλον.
I pity the women who are faring badly here.
οἰκτειρω τας ἐνθαδε κακως πρασσουσας
ἄγε, δότε ἡμῖν σῖτον, ὦ πολῖται.
Come on, give us food, citizens!
τὰ ἐν ταῖς Ἀθήναις ἔχει κακῶς.
Things in Athens are bad
ἆρα ἃ ἔπαθον φιλεῖ γίγνεσθαι;
Do the things I suffered usually happen?
ἄλλος ἄλλο ἐπαινεῖ.
One person praises one thing, another another
κινδυνεύομεν ἀγαθὰ τάχα ἀκούειν.
We are likely to hear good things soon.
I am likely to be making a mistake.
κινδυνευω ἁμαρτανειν
Different people like different things.
ἀλλοι ἀλλα φιλουσιν
Come on, help me, friends!
ἀγε, βοηθησατε μοι, ὠ φιλοι
Things in the city were bad.
τα ἐν τῃ πολει εἰχε κακως
What has happened tends to happen again.
το γενομενον φιλει αὐθις γενεσθαι
