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SP14 Microbiology > Final; Herpesvirus and Papillomavirus > Flashcards

Final; Herpesvirus and Papillomavirus Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the key characteristics of alphaherpesvirus

A 
variable host range
short reproduction cycle
rapid spread in culture
efficient destruction of infected cells
capacity for latency
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2
Q

How is HSV-1 alphaherpesvirus transmitted

A

oral to oral
oral to genital
nearly 2/3 of adults are seropositive

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3
Q

How is HSV-2 alphaherpesvirus transmitted

A

genital to genital (some oral to genital)
prevalent with sexual activity
1/5 of adults are infected

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4
Q

Which cells does the HSV primarily infect

A

epithelial cells in the skin or mucosa; mucosa is more susceptible

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5
Q

What is the incubation time of HSV

A

2-14 days

typically 4-5 days

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6
Q

What are the symptoms of a HSV infection

A

flu-like; localized lesios

only 1/3 show symptoms with the asymptomatic still able to transmit

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7
Q

What is the duration of a HSV infection

A

8-12 days

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8
Q

How does HSV induce latency

A

the genome circularizes in stationary cells and stays as an episome in the nucleus
peripheral ganglia common
a stressful trigger can induce replication

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9
Q

What is required to combat the alphaherpes virus

A

cell mediated immune response

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10
Q

What strategies are used to prevent and treat alphaherpes infections

A

avoid contact during active herpes recurrence

Acylovir can be used to eliminate latent infections

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11
Q

What kind of host range does beta and gamma herpes virus have

A

restricted host range

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12
Q

What kind of reproductive cycle and progression does beta herepes have

A

longe reproductive cycle

sloe progression in cell culture

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13
Q

What does betaherpes do to the host cell

A

causes enlargement of infected cells; cytomeglia (CMV)

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14
Q

Where can you find the latent infection of beta herpes

A

in a variety of cells

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15
Q

What does gamma herpes target and causes what

A

T and B lymphocytes
lytic infections, latency in lymphoid tissue
Epstein Barr virus (EBV)

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16
Q

This virus is associated with carcinoma

A

EBV

17
Q

This is a common childhood cancer in Africa caused by EBV

A

Burkett’s lymphoma

18
Q

This is caused by EBV and can cause nodular sclerosing, mixed cellularity, or lymphocyte depletion

A

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

19
Q

What are the three methods of immune evasion that beta/gamma uses

A

intrinsic
innate
adaptive

20
Q

This persists in hematopoietic progenitor cells and macrophages; is a chronic persistent infection; controlled by healthy, active immune system

A

CMV

21
Q

This persists in the genome of B cells, it ensures B cell proliferation and its genome replication

A

EBV

22
Q

How are beta/gamma herpes treated

A

usually self-limiting
antivirals
immunoprophylaxis
there is no vaccine

23
Q

What is the genome type of HPV

A

circular dsDNA

24
Q

What is the virion of HPV

A

non-enveloped

25
Q

How is HPV transmitted

A

direct skin to skin contact; it gains access through skin abrasions

26
Q

How does HPV replicate in the skin

A

establish infection in basal layer
needs cells polymerase
virus is produced in differentiating cells
non-lytpic, virus spread with dead skin shedding

27
Q

What makes HPV so hard to get rid of

A

its very hearty to environmental stress, allows transmission through fomites

28
Q

What are the symptoms of HPV

A

warts at site of infection; 50% regress on own

29
Q

What is the rare symptom of HPV

A

respiratory papillomatosis; can be lethal

30
Q

What causes HPV to proliferate into cervical cancer

A

E7 blocks Rb = continued cell proliferation
E6 blocks p53 tumor supressor pathway
actual path unknown

31
Q

What are the treatments/prevention strategies of HPV

A 
ablative treatment (laser, surgery, chemicals, etc.)
vaccination; Gardisil

SP14 Microbiology (31 decks)

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