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Histology > Exam 3 – Lecture 28: Endocrine System 3 > Flashcards

Exam 3 – Lecture 28: Endocrine System 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the thyroid at?

A

Bilateral anterior cervical region

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2
Q

What is the thyroid developed from?

A

Embryologic branchial arches

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3
Q

What does the thyroid do?

A

Growth and metabolism

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4
Q

What hormones come from the thyroid?

A

T4 (thyroxine)
T3 (tri-iodo thyronine)
Calcitonin

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5
Q

What is the thyroid lined by?

A

Follicular cells

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6
Q

What produces thyroglobulin?

A

Colloid

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7
Q

What is thyroglobulin?

A

A protein

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8
Q

What are follicular cells responsible for?

A

Producing colloid

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9
Q

How many parathyroid glands are there? Where?

A

4

Cranial and caudal pole of each thyroid

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10
Q

What are the parathyroid glands derived from?

A

Branchial arch

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11
Q

What do the parathyroid glands do?

A

Calcium and phosphorus metabolism

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12
Q

What diseases are associated with calcium and phosphorus metabolism?

A

Rickets and osteomalacia

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13
Q

What are the parathyroid cells?

A

Principal (chief) cells

Oxyphil cells

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14
Q

What do principal cells make?

A

PTH

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15
Q

Describe oxyphil cells

A

Have acidophilic cytoplasm

Not secretory

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16
Q

Describe the adrenal glands

A

Bilateral
Cranial medial pole of the kidney
Sometimes called “suprarenal”

17
Q

What is the origin of the adrenal gland?

A

Dual embryologic origin

  • —Cortex
  • —Medulla
18
Q

What are lymph nodes of the adrenal glands like in the cortex compared to the medulla?

A

Lighter in the cortex

19
Q

What is the cortex of the adrenal glands made up of?

A

Epithelial

20
Q

What is the medulla of the adrenal glands made of?

A

Post-ganglionic sympathetic

21
Q

What are the zones of the adrenal cortex?

A

Zona glomerulosa
Zona fascicularis
Zona reticularis

22
Q

What comes from the zona glomerulosa?

A

Aldosterone

23
Q

What comes from the zona fascicularis?

A

Glucocorticoids

24
Q

What comes from the zona reticularis?

A

Glucocorticoids

Androgens

25
Q

What cells are in the adrenal medulla?

A

Chromaffin cells

26
Q

What are chromaffin cells?

A

Modified post-synaptic sympathetic neurons

27
Q

What does the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla?

A

Secrete norepinephrine and epinephrine to the blood stream

28
Q

What is the adrenal medulla responsible for?

A

Fight of flight

Histology (30 decks)

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