Exam 2 – Lecture 16: Respiratory System

Question 1

What are the two segments of the respiratory system?

Answer 1

Conducting and respiratory

Question 2

What makes up the conducting segment?

Answer 2

Nostrils
Nasal cavity
Nasopharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles

Question 3

What makes up the respiratory segment?

Answer 3

Bronchioles and alveoli

Question 4

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

Answer 4

Oxygenate blood

Question 5

What are other functions of the respiratory system?

Answer 5

Condition air
Homeostasis
Sensory

Question 6

What does the respiratory system do to condition air?

Answer 6

Filter out particulate matter
Control temperature
Control humidity

Question 7

What does the respiratory system do for homeostasis?

Answer 7

First line of defense (intact skin, mucous membrane, and immune surveillance)
Helps with thermoregulation
Acid/base control

Question 8

What is the temperature of air in alveoli?

Answer 8

37.1ºC

Question 9

Why can you see your breath in cold air?

Answer 9

You exhale 100% humidity every time you breathe

Question 10

What makes up nostrils?

Answer 10

Paired nares

Question 11

What is the mucocutaneous junction?

Answer 11

Where mucous meets skin

Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium meets stratified squamous epithelium

Question 12

What are cartilaginous turbinates?

Answer 12

2 scrolls of cartilage in the nose

Question 13

What do the cartilaginous turbinates define?

Answer 13

Spaces called meatus

Question 14

What do some portions of the nasal passages have glands in?

Answer 14

Submucosa

Question 15

What do nasal passages consist of?

Answer 15

Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Question 16

Where are guttural pouches found?

Answer 16

Horses

Question 17

What is the next step down after the nasal passages?

Answer 17

Pharynx and larynx

Question 18

What is the pharynx?

Answer 18

Common area shared between the oral cavity and the nasal passages

Question 19

What is found in the pharynx?

Answer 19

Nasopharynx

Oropharynx

Question 20

What is the larynx also known as?

Answer 20

Voice box

Question 21

Describe the larynx

Answer 21

Cartilaginous
Vocal folds (sound)
Entrance to the trachea

Question 22

What is the trachea?

Answer 22

Airway, “wind pipe”

Question 23

How does the trachea extend?

Answer 23

From the larynx to bronchi

Question 24

What is the trachea made of?

Answer 24

Hyaline cartilage

Question 25

What is hyalin cartilage like in mammals? Birds?

Answer 25

Incomplete

Complete

Question 26

What are the layers of the trachea?

Answer 26

Mucosa
Submucosa
Cartilage
Adventitia

Question 27

What is adventitia?

Answer 27

Outer surface of cartilage

Connective tissue that keeps it in place

Question 28

What is the submucosa?

Answer 28

Where glands live, blood vessels run, and nerves run

Question 29

Look at picture of trachea layers

Answer 29

Look at picture of trachea layers

Question 30

What is the tracheal mucosa made of?

Answer 30

Ciliated simple columnar epithelium

Question 31

What is a goblet cell?

Answer 31

Unicellular gland

Question 32

What can be found in the tracheal mucosa?

Answer 32

Mucous cells (ciliated cells and goblet cells)

Question 33

What is the tracheal mucosa?

Answer 33

Mucociliary elevator