Exam 3 – Lecture 26: GI 5 & Endocrine System 1

Question 1

What are bile ducts lined by?

Answer 1

Cuboidal epithelium

Question 2

Where is the most oxygenated blood?

Answer 2

In the periphery of the individual hepatic lobules

Question 3

What is the endothelium like with sinusoids?

Answer 3

Incomplete

Question 4

What is the liver blood flow?

Answer 4

Portal triad (hepatic artery, portal vein, and bile duct)
Sinusoids
Central vein

Question 5

What is in the biliary tree?

Answer 5

Bile canaliculus

Question 6

Is bile flow in the same or opposite direction of blood flow?

Answer 6

Opposite

Question 7

Describe the bile flow

Answer 7

Starts in the bile canaliculi towards the bile ducts (ductules to bile ducts)
Flows from the central venous toward the central triad

Question 8

What is the job of the gall bladder?

Answer 8

Stores and concentrates bile

Question 9

What is the cuboidal epithelium of the gall bladder like?

Answer 9

Tight junctions

Irregular microvilli

Question 10

Does the gall bladder have muscularis mucosa/submucosa?

Answer 10

No

Question 11

What kind of muscle is in the gall bladder?

Answer 11

Smooth

Question 12

Does the endocrine system have ducts?

Answer 12

No

Question 13

What is the main job of the endocrine system?

Answer 13

Homeostasis through hormonal control

Question 14

What is a hormone?

Answer 14

Biologic product that act on “target” cells

Question 15

Wat is the difference in the production of a hormone and its activity?

Answer 15

Depends on other systems
Delivery
Receptor binding
Ability to response

Question 16

What are the hormone classes?

Answer 16

Steroid
Peptide, polypeptide, proteins
Amino acid derivatives
Arachidonic acid derivatives

Question 17

Describe steroids

Answer 17

Cholesterol-derived
Gonadal (estrogens, testosterone)
Adrenocortical (cortisol)

Question 18

Describe peptides, polypeptides, proteins

Answer 18

Amino acid based

Thyroid, pancreas, some pituitary

Question 19

Describe amino acid derivatives

Answer 19

Serotonin

Bradykinin

Question 20

Describe arachidonic acid derivatives

Answer 20

Prostaglandins
Leukotrienes
Prostacyclins

Question 21

What are target cells?

Answer 21

Effector organs

Question 22

What kind of activity to target cells have?

Answer 22

Receptor-mediated

Question 23

What do most hormones function through?

Answer 23

The cell surface

Question 24

What do steroid hormones work through?

Answer 24

Intracellular receptors