Exam 1 – Lecture 6: Tissue Flashcards
What are tissues?
A group of cells that perform a function together
How do you identify tissue?
Based on its morphology: Structure Cytoplasmic/nuclear constituents Cellular orientation Adjacent/nearby cells
What can adjacent cells tell you about a particular cell?
What the cells look like
What does epithelium cover?
Virtually every surface in the body
What does epithelium do?
Lives close together
Has directional surfaces
Forms selective barrier
What are the different cell layer types?
Simple
Stratified
Pseudostratified
What does epithelium lie on?
A connective tissue or basement membrane base
What is epithelium named by?
Most mature cell type. Stratified is named by the cells on top
What are simple cells?
One layer between connective tissue or basemen membrane base
What are stratified cells?
Multiple layers between connective tissue or basemen membrane base
What are pseudostratified cells?
They look like they have multiple layer, but they do not
What are the different cell shapes?
Squamous
Cuboidal
Columnar
Transitional
What are squamous cells like?
Very stretched out
What is the cell type of the skin?
Stratified squamous
What are cuboidal cells like?
Cube-like
What are columnar cells like?
Taller than they are wide
What are transitional cells like?
Round
They can stretch out and flatten out
Where are transitional cells found?
Lower urinary tract
What are the different layer of epithelial polarity?
Apical
Lateral
Basal
Where is the apical polarity level?
Next to a lumen
What does the lateral polarity level do?
Communicates with cells on either side
What does the basal polarity level do?
Connects to the basement membrane
What is microvilli?
“finger-like” apical structure that increases the surface area and brushes the border
What are the attachment points for microvilli?
Centrioles
